Xiao Jian Tan^1,2,3,*, Wai Loon Cheor², Ee Meng Cheng^4,5, Chee Chin Lim^3,4, Khairul Shakir Ab Rahman⁶

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.2, pp. 2015-2060, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.063407 - 03 July 2025

Abstract This study systematically reviews the applications of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) in breast cancer research, focusing on its role in diagnosis and therapeutic development. While GAI has gained significant attention across various domains, its utility in breast cancer research has yet to be comprehensively reviewed. This study aims to fill that gap by synthesizing existing research into a unified document. A comprehensive search was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, resulting in the retrieval of 3827 articles, of which 31 were deemed eligible for analysis. The included studies were… More >

Mostafa Ahmed Arafa^1,2, Karim Hamda Farhat^1,*, Nesma Lotfy³, Farrukh Kamel Khan¹, Alaa Mokhtar⁴, Abdulaziz Mohammed Althunayan¹, Waleed Al-Taweel⁴, Sultan Saud Al-Khateeb⁴, Sami Azhari^1,5, Danny Munther Rabah^1,4

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 173-180, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.066016 - 27 June 2025

Abstract Background: Transrectal (TR) and transperineal (TP) biopsies are commonly used methods for diagnosing prostate cancer. However, their comparative effectiveness in conjunction with machine learning (ML) techniques remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive accuracy of ML algorithms in detecting prostate cancer using data derived from TR and TP biopsies. Methods: The clinical records of patients who underwent prostate biopsy at King Saud University Medical City and King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centerin Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 2018 and 2025 were analyzed. Data were used to train and test ML models, including eXtreme… More >

CHUCHU ZHANG^1,#, YING LIU^2,#, ZEHUI CHEN¹, YI LIU³, QIYUAN MAO⁴, GE ZHANG⁵, HONGSHENG LIN⁴, JIABIN ZHENG^6,*, HAIYAN LI^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.6, pp. 1437-1458, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.059290 - 29 May 2025

Abstract Objectives: Decades of clinical and fundamental research advancements in oncology have led to significant breakthroughs such as early screening, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy, contributing to reduced mortality rates in cancer patients. Despite these achievements, cancer continues to be a major public health challenge. This study employs bibliometric techniques to visually analyze the English literature on cancer prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. Methods: We systematically reviewed publications from 01 March 2014, to 01 March 2024, indexed in the Web of Science core collection. Tools such as VOSviewer Version 1.6.20 is characterized by its core idea… More > Graphic Abstract

Majdi Rawashdeh^1,2,*, Muath A. Obaidat³, Meryem Abouali⁴, Dhia Eddine Salhi⁵, Kutub Thakur⁶

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.1, pp. 1129-1155, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.063765 - 11 April 2025

Abstract Cancer is a formidable and multifaceted disease driven by genetic aberrations and metabolic disruptions. Around 19% of cancer-related deaths worldwide are attributable to lung and colon cancer, which is also the top cause of death worldwide. The malignancy has a terrible 5-year survival rate of 19%. Early diagnosis is critical for improving treatment outcomes and survival rates. The study aims to create a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) that accurately diagnoses lung disease by classifying histopathological images. It uses a publicly accessible dataset that includes 15,000 images of benign, malignant, and squamous cell carcinomas in the lung.… More >

S. Ramacharan^1,*, Martin Margala¹, Amjan Shaik², Prasun Chakrabarti³, Tulika Chakrabarti⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.3, pp. 3731-3760, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.058488 - 19 December 2024

Abstract Breast cancer remains a significant global health concern, with early detection being crucial for effective treatment and improved survival rates. This study introduces HERA-Net (Hybrid Extraction and Recognition Architecture), an advanced hybrid model designed to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of breast cancer detection by leveraging both thermographic and ultrasound imaging modalities. The HERA-Net model integrates powerful deep learning architectures, including VGG19, U-Net, GRU (Gated Recurrent Units), and ResNet-50, to capture multi-dimensional features that support robust image segmentation, feature extraction, and temporal analysis. For thermographic imaging, a comprehensive dataset of 3534 infrared (IR) images from the… More >

Hussain AlSalman¹, Taha Alfakih², Mabrook Al-Rakhami², Mohammad Mehedi Hassan^2,*, Amerah Alabrah²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.141, No.3, pp. 2575-2608, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.055011 - 31 October 2024

Abstract Breast cancer diagnosis through mammography is a pivotal application within medical image-based diagnostics, integral for early detection and effective treatment. While deep learning has significantly advanced the analysis of mammographic images, challenges such as low contrast, image noise, and the high dimensionality of features often degrade model performance. Addressing these challenges, our study introduces a novel method integrating Genetic Algorithms (GA) with pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models to enhance feature selection and classification accuracy. Our approach involves a systematic process: first, we employ widely-used CNN architectures (VGG16, VGG19, MobileNet, and DenseNet) to extract a… More >

SUBHAYAN SUR^1,*, DIMPLE DAVRAY², SOUMYA BASU¹, SUPRIYA KHEUR³, JAYANTA KUMAR PAL¹, SHUCHI NAGAR², AVINASH SANAP³, BHIMAPPA M. RUDAGI³, SAMIR GUPTA⁴

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.10, pp. 1589-1612, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.052120 - 18 September 2024

Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent forms of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) with a poor overall survival rate (about 50%), particularly in cases of metastasis. RNA-based cancer biomarkers are a relatively advanced concept, and non-coding RNAs currently have shown promising roles in the detection and treatment of various malignancies. This review underlines the function of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the OSCC and its subsequent clinical implications. LncRNAs, a class of non-coding RNAs, are larger than 200 nucleotides and resemble mRNA in numerous ways. However, unlike mRNA,… More >

Syeda Shamaila Zareen^1,*, Guangmin Sun^1,*, Mahwish Kundi², Syed Furqan Qadri³, Salman Qadri⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.1, pp. 1497-1519, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.047418 - 25 April 2024

Abstract Skin cancer diagnosis is difficult due to lesion presentation variability. Conventional methods struggle to manually extract features and capture lesions spatial and temporal variations. This study introduces a deep learning-based Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Network (CNN-RNN) model with a ResNet-50 architecture which used as the feature extractor to enhance skin cancer classification. Leveraging synergistic spatial feature extraction and temporal sequence learning, the model demonstrates robust performance on a dataset of 9000 skin lesion photos from nine cancer types. Using pre-trained ResNet-50 for spatial data extraction and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) for temporal dependencies, the model More >

XIAOJIA HUANG^1,#, CAILU SONG^2,#, JINHUI ZHANG², LEWEI ZHU^3,*, HAILIN TANG^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 241-249, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.046582 - 28 December 2023

Abstract Breast cancer has surpassed lung cancer to become the most common malignancy worldwide. The incidence rate and mortality rate of breast cancer continue to rise, which leads to a great burden on public health. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a new class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), have been recognized as important oncogenes or suppressors in regulating cancer initiation and progression. In breast cancer, circRNAs have significant roles in tumorigenesis, recurrence and multidrug resistance that are mediated by various mechanisms. Therefore, circRNAs may serve as promising targets of therapeutic strategies for breast cancer management. This study reviews the More >

Alon Lazarovich¹, Thenappan Chandrasekar², Alina Basnet³, Gennady Bratslavsky⁴, Hanan Goldberg⁴

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.30, No.3, pp. 11551-11557, 2023

Abstract Introduction: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing remains a controversial issue. However, most urological guidelines recommend PSA testing in men aged 55-69 through a shared decision-making process with the patient. The impact of prior cancer diagnosis on PSA testing is not well-known. To compare PSA testing in men aged 55-69 years with and without a history of cancer (excluding prostate cancer patients).
Materials and methods: Utilizing the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a retrospective cross-sectional study during the year 2018 was carried out. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was implemented to demonstrate potential associations with PSA testing and assess the… More >