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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Identification of TMEM159 as a biomarker of glioblastoma progression based on immune characteristics

    JI SHI1,2, YE ZHANG2, YI CHEN2, TANGJUN GUO3,*, HAOZHE PIAO2,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.8, pp. 1241-1263, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.051049 - 02 August 2024

    Abstract Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most general malignancy of the primary central nervous system that is characterized by high aggressiveness and lethality. Transmembrane protein 159 (TMEM159) is an endoplasmic reticulum protein that can form oligomers with seipin. The TMEM159-seipin complex decides the site of lipid droplet (LD) formation, and the formation of LDs is a marker of GBM. However, the role of TMEM159 in the progression of GBM has not been investigated to date. Methods: In this study, we examined the genes that may be associated with patient prognosis in GBM by bioinformatics analyses,… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor in Glioblastoma Multiforme: a systematic review going beyond pathologic implications

    DIMITRA P. VAGELI1,2,*, PANAGIOTIS G. DOUKAS3, KERASIA GOUPOU2, ANTONIOS D. BENOS2, KYRIAKI ASTARA2,4, KONSTANTINA ZACHAROULI2, SOTIRIS SOTIRIOU5, MARIA IOANNOU2

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.8, pp. 1239-1256, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.052130 - 17 July 2024

    Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive primary brain tumor characterized by extensive heterogeneity and vascular proliferation. Hypoxic conditions in the tissue microenvironment are considered a pivotal player leading tumor progression. Specifically, hypoxia is known to activate inducible factors, such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1α), which in turn can stimulate tumor neo-angiogenesis through activation of various downward mediators, such as the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Here, we aimed to explore the role of HIF-1α/VEGF immunophenotypes alone and in combination with other prognostic markers or clinical and image analysis data, as potential biomarkers of GBM prognosis… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Silvestrol alleviates glioblastoma progression through ERK pathway modulation and MANBA and NRG-1 expression

    LAN ZHOU1,#, QI ZHANG2,#, BO TIAN1,*, FENG YANG1,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.7, pp. 1081-1093, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.049878 - 03 July 2024

    Abstract Background: Glioblastoma, a notably malignant tumor within the central nervous system, is distinguished by its aggressive behavior. Silvestrol, a robust inhibitor of the RNA helicase eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A), has shown significant potential as an anticancer compound. Yet, the impact of silvestrol on glioblastoma, especially its molecular mechanisms, has not been fully elucidated. Methods: This investigation employed a variety of in vitro assays, such as cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), clonogenic, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EDU), wound healing, and flow cytometry, to evaluate cell cycle progression, apoptosis, cell viability, and migration. Western blot analysis was also performed to study… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    IKIP downregulates THBS1/FAK signaling to suppress migration and invasion by glioblastoma cells

    ZHAOYING ZHU1,#, YANJIA HU2,#, FENG YE2, HAIBO TENG2, GUOLIANG YOU1, YUNHUI ZENG2, MENG TIAN2, JIANGUO XU2, JIN LI2, ZHIYONG LIU2, HAO LIU2,*, NIANDONG ZHENG1,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.7, pp. 1173-1184, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.042456 - 20 June 2024

    Abstract Background: Inhibitor of NF-κB kinase-interacting protein (IKIP) is known to promote proliferation of glioblastoma (GBM) cells, but how it affects migration and invasion by those cells is unclear. Methods: We compared levels of IKIP between glioma tissues and normal brain tissue in clinical samples and public databases. We examined the effects of IKIP overexpression and knockdown on the migration and invasion of GBM using transwell and wound healing assays, and we compared the transcriptomes under these different conditions to identify the molecular mechanisms involved. Results: Based on data from our clinical samples and from public databases, More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The interplay mechanism between IDH mutation, MGMT-promoter methylation, and PRMT5 activity in the progression of grade 4 astrocytoma: unraveling the complex triad theory

    MAHER KURDI1,*, ALAA ALKHOTANI2, ABDULRAHMAN SABBAGH3, EYAD FAIZO4, AHMED I. LARY5, AHMED K. BAMAGA6, MAJID ALMANSOURI7, BADR HAFIZ8, THAMER ALSHARIF9, SALEH BAEESA8

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.6, pp. 1037-1045, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.051112 - 23 May 2024

    Abstract Background: The dysregulation of Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and the subsequent production of 2-Hydroxyglutrate (2HG) may alter the expression of epigenetic proteins in Grade 4 astrocytoma. The interplay mechanism between IDH, O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT)-promoter methylation, and protein methyltransferase proteins-5 (PRMT5) activity, with tumor progression has never been described. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 34 patients with G4 astrocytoma is classified into IDH-mutant and IDH-wildtype tumors. Both groups were tested for MGMT-promoter methylation and PRMT5 through methylation-specific and gene expression PCR analysis. Inter-cohort statistical significance was evaluated. Results: Both IDH-mutant WHO grade 4 astrocytomas (n = 22, 64.7%) and IDH-wildtype… More > Graphic Abstract

    The interplay mechanism between IDH mutation, MGMT-promoter methylation, and PRMT5 activity in the progression of grade 4 astrocytoma: unraveling the complex triad theory

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Targeting brain tumors with innovative nanocarriers: bridging the gap through the blood-brain barrier

    KARAN WADHWA1, PAYAL CHAUHAN1, SHOBHIT KUMAR2, RAKESH PAHWA3,*, RAVINDER VERMA4, RAJAT GOYAL5, GOVIND SINGH1, ARCHANA SHARMA6, NEHA RAO3, DEEPAK KAUSHIK1,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 877-897, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.047278 - 23 April 2024

    Abstract Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is recognized as the most lethal and most highly invasive tumor. The high likelihood of treatment failure arises from the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and stem cells around GBM, which avert the entry of chemotherapeutic drugs into the tumor mass. Objective: Recently, several researchers have designed novel nanocarrier systems like liposomes, dendrimers, metallic nanoparticles, nanodiamonds, and nanorobot approaches, allowing drugs to infiltrate the BBB more efficiently, opening up innovative avenues to prevail over therapy problems and radiation therapy. Methods: Relevant literature for this manuscript has been collected from a comprehensive More > Graphic Abstract

    Targeting brain tumors with innovative nanocarriers: bridging the gap through the blood-brain barrier

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    A review on potential heterocycles for the treatment of glioblastoma targeting receptor tyrosine kinases

    NILAM BHUSARE, MAUSHMI KUMAR*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 849-875, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.047042 - 23 April 2024

    Abstract Glioblastoma, the most aggressive form of brain tumor, poses significant challenges in terms of treatment success and patient survival. Current treatment modalities for glioblastoma include radiation therapy, surgical intervention, and chemotherapy. Unfortunately, the median survival rate remains dishearteningly low at 12–15 months. One of the major obstacles in treating glioblastoma is the recurrence of tumors, making chemotherapy the primary approach for secondary glioma patients. However, the efficacy of drugs is hampered by the presence of the blood-brain barrier and multidrug resistance mechanisms. Consequently, considerable research efforts have been directed toward understanding the underlying signaling pathways… More > Graphic Abstract

    A review on potential heterocycles for the treatment of glioblastoma targeting receptor tyrosine kinases

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    GRIK1 promotes glioblastoma malignancy and is a novel prognostic factor of poor prognosis

    GUOQIANG HOU1,2,#, XINHANG XU2,#, WEIXING HU1,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.4, pp. 727-736, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.043391 - 20 March 2024

    Abstract Primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are classified into over 100 different histological types. The most common type of glioma is derived from astrocytes, and the most invasive glioblastoma (WHO IV) accounts for over 57% of these tumors. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and fatal tumor of the CNS, with strong growth and invasion capabilities, which makes complete surgical resection almost impossible. Despite various treatment methods such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, glioma is still an incurable disease, and the median survival time of patients with GBM is shorter than 15 months.… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    LncRNAs unraveling their sponge role in glioblastoma and potential therapeutic applications

    CAIJUAN LIU, XINGHAO LI, YUXUAN WU, JINHUI YANG, MENGHAN WANG, YUNQI MA*

    BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.3, pp. 387-401, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.048791 - 15 March 2024

    Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, is the most malignant and still has no cure. However, the novel role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma is attracting extensive attention. LncRNAs are transcribed RNA molecules over 200 nucleotides long that do not encode proteins. Unlike small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), lncRNAs have more complex secondary and tertiary structures that enable them to interact with DNA, RNA, and proteins and perform multiple regulatory functions. LncRNAs act as molecular sponges, absorbing and sequestering other biomolecules,… More > Graphic Abstract

    LncRNAs unraveling their sponge role in glioblastoma and potential therapeutic applications

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Stem cell technology for antitumor drug loading and delivery in oncology

    FRANCESCO PETRELLA*, ENRICO MARIO CASSINA, LIDIA LIBRETTI, EMANUELE PIRONDINI, FEDERICO RAVEGLIA, ANTONIO TUORO

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 433-437, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.046497 - 06 February 2024

    Abstract The main aim of antineoplastic treatment is to maximize patient benefit by augmenting the drug accumulation within affected organs and tissues, thus incrementing drug effects and, at the same time, reducing the damage of non-involved tissues to cytotoxic agents. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) represent a group of undifferentiated multipotent cells presenting wide self-renewal features and the capacity to differentiate into an assortment of mesenchymal family cells. During the last year, they have been proposed as natural carriers for the selective release of antitumor drugs to malignant cells, thus optimizing cytotoxic action on cancer cells, while More >

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