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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Meshless Method for Retrieving Nonlinear Large External Forces on Euler-Bernoulli Beams

    Chih-Wen Chang*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.73, No.1, pp. 433-451, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.027021 - 18 May 2022

    Abstract We retrieve unknown nonlinear large space-time dependent forces burdened with the vibrating nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli beams under varied boundary data, comprising two-end fixed, cantilevered, clamped-hinged, and simply supported conditions in this study. Even though some researchers used several schemes to overcome these forward problems of Euler-Bernoulli beams; however, an effective numerical algorithm to solve these inverse problems is still not available. We cope with the homogeneous boundary conditions, initial data, and final time datum for each type of nonlinear beam by employing a variety of boundary shape functions. The unknown nonlinear large external force can be… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Energy Efficient Mobile Harvesting Scheme for Clustered SDWSN with Beamforming Technique

    Subaselvi Sundarraj*, Gunaseelan Konganathan

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.34, No.2, pp. 1197-1213, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.025026 - 03 May 2022

    Abstract Software Defined Wireless Sensor Networks (SDWSN) provides a centralized scheduling algorithm to decrease energy consumption compared to WSN. The sensor nodes have a finite battery capacity in the SDWSN that reduces the lifetime of the nodes. To harvest energy for energy depleted nodes without interfering with the eventful data transfer in the clustered SDWSN, an energy efficient mobile harvesting scheme with the Multiple Input Single Output (MISO) beamforming technique is proposed. The mobile harvesting scheme transfer the energy to the energy starving node and the beamforming algorithm which transmits the energy in the desired direction… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    A Review on Strengthening of Timber Beams Using Fiber Reinforced Polymers

    Bingyu Jian1,2, Ke Cheng3, Haitao Li1,2,*, Mahmud Ashraf2,4, Xiaoyan Zheng1,2, Assima Dauletbek1,2, Mahdi Hosseini1,2, Rodolfo Lorenzo5, Ileana Corbi6, Ottavia Corbi6, Kun Zhou7

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2073-2098, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.021983 - 25 April 2022

    Abstract Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) has been used in the construction industry because of its advantages such as high strength, light weight, corrosion resistance, low density and high elasticity. This paper presents a review of bonding techniques adopted to strengthen timber beams using FRP to achieve larger spans. Different methods of bonding between FRP and timber beams have been summarized with a focus on the influencing factors and their effects as well as relevant bond-slip models proposed for fundamental understanding. Experimental investigations to evaluate the flexural performance of timber beams strengthened by FRP bars, sheets and More > Graphic Abstract

    A Review on Strengthening of Timber Beams Using Fiber Reinforced Polymers

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Intelligent Dynamic Inversion Controller Design for Ball and Beam System

    Ibrahim M. Mehedi1,2,*, Abdulah Jeza Aljohani1,2, Md Mottahir Alam1, Mohamed Mahmoud3, Mohammed J. Abdulaal1, Muhammad Bilal1,2, Waleed Alasmary4

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.2, pp. 2341-2355, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022993 - 29 March 2022

    Abstract The Ball and beam system (BBS) is an attractive laboratory experimental tool because of its inherent nonlinear and open-loop unstable properties. Designing an effective ball and beam system controller is a real challenge for researchers and engineers. In this paper, the control design technique is investigated by using Intelligent Dynamic Inversion (IDI) method for this nonlinear and unstable system. The proposed control law is an enhanced version of conventional Dynamic Inversion control incorporating an intelligent control element in it. The Moore-Penrose Generalized Inverse (MPGI) is used to invert the prescribed constraint dynamics to realize the More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Suitable Active Control for Suppression the Vibrations of a Cantilever Beam

    Y. A. Amer1, A. T. EL-Sayed2, M. N. Abd EL-Salam3,*

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.56, No.2, pp. 89-104, 2022, DOI:10.32604/sv.2022.011838 - 25 March 2022

    Abstract In our consideration, a comparison between four different types of controllers for suppression the vibrations of the cantilever beam excited by an external force is carried out. Those four types are the linear velocity feedback control, the cubic velocity feedback control, the non-linear saturation controller (NSC) and the positive position feedback (PPF) controller. The suitable type is the PPF controller for suppression the vibrations of the cantilever beam. The approximate solution obtained up to the first approximation by using the multiple scale method. The PPF controller effectiveness is studied on the system. We used frequency-response More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Compact Multibeam Array with Miniaturized Butler Matrix for 5G Applications

    Suleiman A. Babale1, Muhammad K. Ishfaq2,*, Ali Raza2, Jamal Nasir3, Ahmad Fayyaz3, Umer Ijaz2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 925-937, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024711 - 24 February 2022

    Abstract This paper presents the design and implementation of a miniaturized beam steering network that produces broadside beams when it is fed with a compact antenna array. Butler Matrix (BM) was used as the beam steering network. It was completely built from a miniaturized 3 dB hybrid-couplers in planar microstrip technology. It was configured by feeding the BM with a Planar Inverted-E Antenna (PIEA) array separated at 0.3 λ as against the 0.5 λ separation. This makes the BM produce a major radiation pattern at the broadside. Apart from the miniaturization, no modification was made from the More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The Coupled Effect of Temperature Changes and Damage Depth on Natural Frequencies in Beam-Like Structures

    Tareq Al-hababi1,2, Nizar Faisal Alkayem1,3, Li Cui4, Shixiang Zhang5, Cong Liu6, Maosen Cao1,2,*

    Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.16, No.1, pp. 15-35, 2022, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2022.020418 - 11 February 2022

    Abstract A significant amount of research is concerned with dynamic modal parameters for damage detection of structural conditions due to their simplicity in use and feasibility. However, their use for damage detection should be performed with special attention, particularly in operational and environmental conditions subjected to temperature changes. Beams in construction industries experience different loading types, such as temperature changes leading to crack initiation and propagation. Changed physical and dynamic properties such as natural frequencies and mode shapes indicate that damage has occurred within the structures. In this study, vibration analysis of cantilever and cantilever simply… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Dynamic Performance of Straddle Monorail Curved Girder Bridge

    Yan Zhou1,*, Kai Zhang2, Feng Miao3, Pengfei Yang1

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.130, No.3, pp. 1669-1682, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.018101 - 30 December 2021

    Abstract In this work, a monorail vehicle-bridge coupling (VBC) model capable of accurately considering curve alignment and superelevation is established based on curvilinear moving coordinate system, to study the VBC vibration of straddle monorail curved girder bridge and the relevant factors influencing VBC. While taking Chongqing Jiao Xin line as an example, the VBC program is compiled using Fortran, where the reliability of algorithm and program is verified by the results of Chongqing monorail test. Moreover, the effects of curve radius, vehicle speed, and track irregularity on the corresponding vehicle and bridge vibrations are compared and… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Switched-Beam Optimization for an Indoor Visible Light Communication Using Genetic Algorithm

    Ladathunya Pumkaew, Monthippa Uthansakul*, Peerapong Uthansakul

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 1547-1566, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022556 - 03 November 2021

    Abstract Nowadays, Visible Light Communication (VLC) is an attractive alternative technology for wireless communication because it can use some simple Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) instead of antennas. Typically, indoor VLC is designed to transmit only one dataset through multiple LED beams at a time. As a result, the number of users per unit of time (throughput) is relatively low. Therefore, this paper proposes the design of an indoor VLC system using switched-beam technique through computer simulation. The LED lamps are designed to be arranged in a circular array and the signal can be transmitted through the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Beamforming Performance Analysis of Millimeter-Wave 5G Wireless Networks

    Omar A. Saraereh*, Ashraf Ali

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.3, pp. 5383-5397, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.021724 - 11 October 2021

    Abstract With the rapid growth in the number of mobile devices and user connectivity, the demand for higher system capacity and improved quality-of-service is required. As the demand for high-speed wireless communication grows, numerous modulation techniques in the frequency, temporal, and spatial domains, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), time division multiple access (TDMA), space division multiple access (SDMA), and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), are being developed. Along with those approaches, electromagnetic waves’ orbital angular momentum (OAM) is attracting attention because it has the potential to boost the wireless communication capacity. Antenna electromagnetic radiation can be… More >

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