J. Divakaran^1,*, Arvind Chakrapani², K. Srihari³

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.1, pp. 1141-1152, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.028050

Abstract Under various deployment circumstances, fifth-generation (5G) telecommunications delivers improved network compound management with fast communication channels. Due to the introduction of the Internet of Things (IoT) in data management, the majority of the ultra-dense network models in 5G networks frequently have decreased spectral efficiency, weak handover management, and vulnerabilities. The majority of traditional handover authentication models are seriously threatened, making them vulnerable to a variety of security attacks. The authentication of networked devices is the most important issue. Therefore, a model that incorporates the handover mechanism and authentication model must be created. This article uses a fuzzy logic model to… More >

Abdulraqeb Alhammadi^1,*, Wan Haslina Hassan¹, Ayman A. El-Saleh², Ibraheem Shayea³, Hafizal Mohamad⁴, Yousef Ibrahim Daradkeh⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 5215-5232, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024713

Abstract Fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks offer high transmission rates in dense urban environments. However, a massive deployment of small cells will be required to provide wide-area coverage, which leads to an increase in the number of handovers (HOs). Mobility management is an important issue that requires considerable attention in heterogeneous networks, where 5G ultra-dense small cells coexist with current fourth-generation (4G) networks. Although mobility robustness optimization (MRO) and load balancing optimization (LBO) functions have been introduced in the 3GPP standard to address HO problems, non-robust and nonoptimal algorithms for selecting appropriate HO control parameters (HCPs) still exist, and an optimal solution… More >

Chafaa Hamrouni^1,*, Slim Chaoui²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.3, pp. 4941-4953, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.023732

Abstract In the paper, we propose a fuzzy logic controller system to be implemented for smart mobility management in the 5G wireless communication network. Mobility management is considered as a main issue for all-IP mobile networks future generation. As a network-based mobility management protocol, Internet Engineering Task Force developed the Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) in order to support the mobility of IP devices, and many other results were presented to reduce latency handover and the amount of PMIPv6 signaling, but it is not enough for the application needs in real-time. The present paper describes an approach based on the IEEE 802.21… More >

Myoung-hun Han^1,2, Bong-Soo Roh¹, Kyungwoo Kim¹, Dae-Hoon Kwon¹, Jae-Hyun Ham¹, KyungHyun Yoon², Sanghyun Seo^3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 2381-2399, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020029

Abstract An important requirement in a military domain is a highly reliable mobility management method, especially when components of the networks are moving in tactical network environments. To increase reliability, the mobility management technology of the tactical network should be able to reflect the characteristics of the tactical network, such as a limited environment, failure, and hierarchical unit structure. In this paper, we propose a proxy-based hierarchical distributed mobility management scheme, which is highly focused on tactical networks. Considering the characteristics of tactical networks, the proposed scheme is composed of the following: 1) a proxy-based method, 2) a distributed mobility management… More >

A. Prithiviraj^1,*, A. Maheswari², D. Balamurugan¹, Vinayakumar Ravi³, Moez Krichen^4,5, Roobaea Alroobaea⁶, Saeed Rubaiee⁷, Sankar Sennan¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.1, pp. 323-341, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.015299

Abstract Despite the seemingly exponential growth of mobile and wireless communication, this same technology aims to offer uninterrupted access to different wireless systems like Radio Communication, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi to achieve better network connection which in turn gives the best quality of service (QoS). Many analysts have established many handover decision systems (HDS) to enable assured continuous mobility between various radio access technologies. Unbroken mobility is one of the most significant problems considered in wireless communication networks. Each application needs a distinct QoS, so the network choice may shift appropriately. To achieve this objective and to choose the finest networks, it… More >

Adeel Rafiq, Muhammad Afaq, Khizar Abbas, Wang-Cheol Song^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.1, pp. 627-645, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.016529

Abstract The installation of small cells in a 5G network extends the maximum coverage and provides high availability. However, this approach increases the handover overhead in the Core Network (CN) due to frequent handoffs. The variation of user density and movement inside a region of small cells also increases the handover overhead in CN. However, the present 5G system cannot reduce the handover overhead in CN under such circumstances because it relies on a traditionally rigid and complex hierarchical sequence for a handover procedure. Recently, Not Only Stack (NO Stack) architecture has been introduced for Radio Access Network (RAN) to reduce… More >

Jawad Tanveer¹, Amir Haider², Rashid Ali², Ajung Kim^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.68, No.3, pp. 3807-3823, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.016087

Abstract Drone applications in 5th generation (5G) networks mainly focus on services and use cases such as providing connectivity during crowded events, human-instigated disasters, unmanned aerial vehicle traffic management, internet of things in the sky, and situation awareness. 4G and 5G cellular networks face various challenges to ensure dynamic control and safe mobility of the drone when it is tasked with delivering these services. The drone can fly in three-dimensional space. The drone connectivity can suffer from increased handover cost due to several reasons, including variations in the received signal strength indicator, co-channel interference offered to the drone by neighboring cells,… More >

Kanwal Imran^1,*, Nasreen Anjum³, Saeed Mahfooz¹, Muhammad Zubair², Zhahoui Yang³, Abdul Haseeb Malik¹, Qazi Ejaz Ali¹, Madeeha Aman¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.68, No.2, pp. 2329-2347, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.017177

Abstract IPv6 over Low Power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) connects the highly constrained sensor nodes with the internet using the IPv6 protocol. 6LoWPAN has improved the scalability of the Internet of Things (IoTs) infrastructure and allows mobile nodes to send packets over the IEEE 802.15.4 wireless network. Several mobility managements schemes have been suggested for handling the registration and handover procedures in 6LoWPAN. However, these schemes have performance constraints, such as increased transmission cost, signalling overhead, registration, and handover latency. To address these issues, we propose a novel cluster-based group mobility scheme (CGM6) for 6LoWPAN. To reduce the signalling cost… More >