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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Artificial Neural Networks for Optimizing Alumina Al2O3 Particle and Droplet Behavior in 12kK Ar-H2 Atmospheric Plasma Spraying

    Ridha Djebali1,*, Bernard Pateyron2, Mokhtar Ferhi1, Mohamed Ouerhani3, Karim Khemiri1, Montassar Najari1, M. Ammar Abbassi4, Chohdi Amri5, Ridha Ennetta6, Zied Driss7

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.2, pp. 441-461, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.063375 - 25 April 2025

    Abstract This paper investigates the application of Direct Current Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (DC-APS) as a versatile thermal spray technique for the application of coatings with tailored properties to various substrates. The process uses a high-speed, high-temperature plasma jet to melt and propel the feedstock powder particles, making it particularly useful for improving the performance and durability of components in renewable energy systems such as solar cells, wind turbines, and fuel cells. The integration of nanostructured alumina (Al2O3) thin films into multilayer coatings is considered a promising advancement that improves mechanical strength, thermal stability, and environmental resistance. The More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Interaction between R1336mzz(Z) and POE Lubricants

    Haoyuan Jing1, Zhongye Wu1,*, Xiaoyang Jiang1, Qingfen Ma2

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.2, pp. 463-478, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.061750 - 25 April 2025

    Abstract In the organic Rankine cycle, the refrigerant inevitably interacts with the lubricating oil. This study investigates the interaction mechanism between the fourth-generation refrigerant R1336mzz(Z) and the polyol ester (POE) which is a representative component of the lubricating oil, using molecular dynamics simulations. The research focuses on pentaerythritol ester (PEC) with medium to long chain lengths, specifically PEC9. Relevant parameters such as solubility parameters, diffusion coefficients, binding energies, and radial distribution functions were calculated to elucidate the interaction dynamics. The variation in solubility parameters suggests that the miscibility of PEC9 and R1336mzz(Z) diminishes as the number More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Conjugate Usage of Experimental for and Theoretical Models Aqua Carboxymethyl Cellulose Nanofluid Flow in Convergent-Divergent Shaped Microchannel

    Shervin Fateh Khanshir1, Saeed Dinarvand2,*, Ramtin Fateh Khanshir3

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.2, pp. 663-684, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.060559 - 25 April 2025

    Abstract This article aims to model and analyze the heat and fluid flow characteristics of a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) nanofluid within a convergent-divergent shaped microchannel (Two-dimensional). The base fluid, water + CMC (0.5%), is mixed with CuO and Al2O3 nanoparticles at volume fractions of 0.5% and 1.5%, respectively. The research is conducted through the conjugate usage of experimental and theoretical models to represent more realistic properties of the non-Newtonian nanofluid. Three types of microchannels including straight, divergent, and convergent are considered, all having the same length and identical inlet cross-sectional area. Using ANSYS FLUENT software, Navier-Stokes equations… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Energy-Efficient Air Conditioning System with Combined a Ceiling Fan for Thermal Comfort in an Office

    Linlan Chang1, Win-Jet Luo1,2, Indra Permana2, Bowo Yuli Prasetyo3, Alya Penta Agharid1, Fujen Wang2,*

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.5, pp. 1771-1787, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.062209 - 25 April 2025

    Abstract Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are critical for maintaining thermal comfort in office environments which also crucial for occupant well-being and productivity. This study investigates the impact of integrating ceiling fans with higher air conditioning setpoints on thermal comfort and energy efficiency in office environments. Field measurements and questionnaire surveys were conducted to evaluate thermal comfort and energy-saving potential under varying conditions. Results show that increasing the AC setpoint from 25°C to 27°C, combined with ceiling fan operation, reduced power consumption by 10%, achieving significant energy savings. Survey data confirmed that 85% of… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Application of a Regional Data Set of the Housing Sector for Hydrogen Storage-Supported Energy System Planning

    Steffen Schedler1,*, Michael Bareev-Rudy1, Stefanie Meilinger2, Tanja Clees1,3

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.5, pp. 1755-1770, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.061962 - 25 April 2025

    Abstract Germany aims to achieve a national climate-neutral energy system by 2045. The residential sector still accounts for 29% of end energy consumption, with 74% attributed to the direct use of fossil fuels for heating and hot water. In order to reduce fossil energy use in the household sector, great efforts are being made to design new energy concepts that expand the use of renewable energies to supply electricity and heat. One possibility is to convert parts of the natural gas grid to a hydrogen-based gas grid to deliver and store energy for urban quarters of… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of Nanoparticles and Biodiesel Blended with Diesel on Combustion Parameters in Compression Ignition Engine: Numerical Analysis

    Ameer H. Hamzah1, Abdulrazzak Akroot1, Hasanain A. Abdul Wahhab2,*

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.5, pp. 2059-2075, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.061592 - 25 April 2025

    Abstract The current work includes a numerical investigation of the effect of biodiesel blends with different aluminum oxide nanoparticle concentrations on the combustion process in the cylinder of a diesel engine. IC Engine Fluent, a specialist computational tool in the ANSYS software, was used to simulate internal combustion engine dynamics and combustion processes. Numerical analysis was carried out using biodiesel blends with three Al2O3 nanoparticles in 50, 100, and 150 ppm concentrations. The tested samples are called D100, B20, B20A50, B20A100, and B20A150 accordingly. The modeling runs were carried out at various engine loads of 0, 100,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Application of Multi-Criteria Decision and Simulation Approaches to Selection of Additive Manufacturing Technology for Aerospace Application

    Ilesanmi Afolabi Daniyan1,*, Rumbidzai Muvunzi2, Festus Fameso3, Julius Ndambuki3, Williams Kupolati3, Jacques Snyman3

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.2, pp. 1623-1648, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.062092 - 16 April 2025

    Abstract This study evaluates the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) as a multi-criteria decision (MCD) support tool for selecting appropriate additive manufacturing (AM) techniques that align with cleaner production and environmental sustainability. The FAHP model was validated using an example of the production of aircraft components (specifically fuselage) employing AM technologies such as Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM), laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), Binder Jetting (BJ), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), and Laser Metal Deposition (LMD). The selection criteria prioritized eco-friendly manufacturing considerations, including the quality and properties of the final product (e.g., surface finish, high strength,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    In-Plane Bearing Capacity of CFST Truss Arch Bridges with Geometric Defects

    Chao Luo1, Zhengsong Xiang1,2, Yin Zhou1,*, Dingsong Qin3, Tianlei Cheng4, Qizhi Tang1

    Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.19, No.3, pp. 683-703, 2025, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2025.061549 - 03 April 2025

    Abstract Failure tests were conducted on two concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) truss arch bridges with a span of approximately 12 m to investigate the influence of initial geometric defects on the in-plane bearing capacity of CFST truss arch bridges. The effects of antisymmetric defect on the ultimate bearing capacity, failure mode, structural response, and steel–concrete confinement effect of CFST truss arch bridges under quarter-point loading were analyzed. On this basis, numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the in-plane bearing capacity of CFST truss arch bridges further under different scenarios. The initial defect form of the arch… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Numerical Simulation of Residual Strength for Corroded Pipelines

    Yaojin Fan, Huaqing Dong*, Zixuan Zong, Tingting Long, Qianglin Huang, Guoqiang Huang

    Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.19, No.3, pp. 731-769, 2025, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2025.061056 - 03 April 2025

    Abstract This study presents a comprehensive investigation of residual strength in corroded pipelines within the Yichang-Qianjiang section of the Sichuan-East Gas Pipeline, integrating advanced numerical simulation with experimental validation. The research methodology incorporates three distinct parameter grouping approaches: a random group based on statistical analysis of 389 actual corrosion defects detected during 2023 MFL inspection, a deviation group representing historically documented failure scenarios, and a structural group examining systematic parameter variations. Using ABAQUS finite element software, we developed a dynamic implicit analysis model incorporating geometric nonlinearity and validated it through 1:12.7 scaled model testing, achieving prediction… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Natural Gas Hydrate Riser Transportation

    Chenhong Li1, Guojin Han1, Hua Zhong1, Chao Zhang1, Rui Zhang2, Jonggeun Choe3, Chen Xing2, Xuewen Cao2, Jiang Bian4,*

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.4, pp. 1287-1309, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.060970 - 31 March 2025

    Abstract Extracted natural gas hydrate is a multi-phase and multi-component mixture, and its complex composition poses significant challenges for transmission and transportation, including phase changes following extraction and sediment deposition within the pipeline. This study examines the flow and heat transfer characteristics of hydrates in a riser, focusing on the multi-phase flow behavior of natural gas hydrate in the development riser. Additionally, the effects of hydrate flow and seawater temperature on heat exchange are analyzed by simulating the ambient temperature conditions of the South China Sea. The findings reveal that the increase in unit pressure drop… More >

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