Prohim Tam¹, Sa Math¹, Ahyoung Lee², Seokhoon Kim^1,3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.2, pp. 3319-3335, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.023215 - 07 December 2021

Abstract Federated learning (FL) activates distributed on-device computation techniques to model a better algorithm performance with the interaction of local model updates and global model distributions in aggregation averaging processes. However, in large-scale heterogeneous Internet of Things (IoT) cellular networks, massive multi-dimensional model update iterations and resource-constrained computation are challenging aspects to be tackled significantly. This paper introduces the system model of converging software-defined networking (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV) to enable device/resource abstractions and provide NFV-enabled edge FL (eFL) aggregation servers for advancing automation and controllability. Multi-agent deep Q-networks (MADQNs) target to enforce a… More >

G. R. Sreekanth^1,*, S. Ahmed Najat Ahmed², Marko Sarac³, Ivana Strumberger³, Nebojsa Bacanin³, Miodrag Zivkovic³

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.41, No.2, pp. 751-765, 2022, DOI:10.32604/csse.2022.020534 - 25 October 2021

Abstract Fog computing provides quality of service for cloud infrastructure. As the data computation intensifies, edge computing becomes difficult. Therefore, mobile fog computing is used for reducing traffic and the time for data computation in the network. In previous studies, software-defined networking (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV) were used separately in edge computing. Current industrial and academic research is tackling to integrate SDN and NFV in different environments to address the challenges in performance, reliability, and scalability. SDN/NFV is still in development. The traditional Internet of things (IoT) data analysis system is only based on… More >

Karunanithi Praveen kumar, Perumal Sivanesan^*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.41, No.1, pp. 67-82, 2022, DOI:10.32604/csse.2022.018867 - 08 October 2021

Abstract In this work, we propose a context-aware switching of routing protocol scheme for specific application requirements of IoT in real-time using a software-defined networking controller in wireless sensor networks. The work planned has two stages i) Selection of suitable routing protocol (RP) for given IoT applications using higher cognitive process and ii) Deployment of the corresponding routing protocol. We use the supervised learning-regression method for classification of the routing protocol while considering the network parameters like stability, path delay, energy utilization, and throughput. The chosen routing protocol will be set in the sensor network using… More >

Mohammad Riyaz Belgaum¹, Fuead Ali¹, Zainab Alansari², Shahrulniza Musa^1,*, Muhammad Mansoor Alam^1,3, M. S. Mazliham⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.1, pp. 251-266, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.018211 - 07 September 2021

Abstract Software-defined networking (SDN) plays a critical role in transforming networking from traditional to intelligent networking. The increasing demand for services from cloud users has increased the load on the network. An efficient system must handle various loads and increasing needs representing the relationships and dependence of businesses on automated measurement systems and guarantee the quality of service (QoS). The multiple paths from source to destination give a scope to select an optimal path by maintaining an equilibrium of load using some best algorithms. Moreover, the requests need to be transferred to reliable network elements. To… More >

Shabir Ahmad¹, Faisal Jamil², Abid Ali³, Ehtisham Khan⁴, Muhammad Ibrahim², Taeg Keun Whangbo^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.1, pp. 1363-1379, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.017715 - 07 September 2021

Abstract The concept of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) evolves to overcome the drawbacks of the traditional networks with Internet Protocol (I.P.) packets sending and packets handling. The SDN structure is one of the critical advantages of efficiently separating the data plane from the control plane to manage the network configurations and network management. Whenever there are multiple sending devices inside the SDN network, the OpenFlow switches are programmed to handle the limited number of requests for their interface. When the recommendations are exceeded from the specific threshold, the load on the switches also increases. This research article… More >

Asadullah Tariq¹, Irfan ud din¹, Rana Asif Rehman², Byung-Seo Kim^3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.3, pp. 2949-2966, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.017658 - 24 August 2021

Abstract Internet of Vehicles (IoV), a rapidly growing technology for efficient vehicular communication and it is shifting the trend of traditional Vehicular Ad Hoc Networking (VANET) towards itself. The centralized management of IoV endorses its uniqueness and suitability for the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) safety applications. Named Data Networking (NDN) is an emerging internet paradigm that fulfills most of the expectations of IoV. Limitations of the current IP internet architecture are the main motivation behind NDN. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is another emerging networking paradigm of technology that is highly capable of efficient management of overall networks… More >

Mohammad Aladaileh¹, Mohammed Anbar^1,*, Iznan H. Hasbullah¹, Yousef K. Sanjalawe^1,2, Yung-Wey Chong¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.1, pp. 373-391, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.017972 - 04 June 2021

Abstract The Software-Defined Networking (SDN) technology improves network management over existing technology via centralized network control. The SDN provides a perfect platform for researchers to solve traditional network’s outstanding issues. However, despite the advantages of centralized control, concern about its security is rising. The more traditional network switched to SDN technology, the more attractive it becomes to malicious actors, especially the controller, because it is the network’s brain. A Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack on the controller could cripple the entire network. For that reason, researchers are always looking for ways to detect DDoS attacks against More >

Jehad Ali¹, Byungkyu Lee², Jimyung Oh², Jungtae Lee³, Byeong-hee Roh^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.1, pp. 267-282, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.017813 - 04 June 2021

Abstract The controller in software-defined networking (SDN) acts as strategic point of control for the underlying network. Multiple controllers are available, and every single controller retains a number of features such as the OpenFlow version, clustering, modularity, platform, and partnership support, etc. They are regarded as vital when making a selection among a set of controllers. As such, the selection of the controller becomes a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem with several features. Hence, an increase in this number will increase the computational complexity of the controller selection process. Previously, the selection of controllers based on More >

Himanshi Babbar¹, Shalli Rani^1,*, Mehedi Masud², Sahil Verma³, Divya Anand⁴, Nz Jhanjhi⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 1301-1316, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014627 - 12 January 2021

Abstract In Software-Defined Networks (SDN), the divergence of the control interface from the data plane provides a unique platform to develop a programmable and flexible network. A single controller, due to heavy load traffic triggered by different intelligent devices can not handle due to it’s restricted capability. To manage this, it is necessary to implement multiple controllers on the control plane to achieve quality network performance and robustness. The flow of data through the multiple controllers also varies, resulting in an unequal distribution of load between different controllers. One major drawback of the multiple controllers is… More >

Jehad Ali, Byeong-hee Roh^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 849-875, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014576 - 12 January 2021

Abstract The controller is indispensable in software-defined networking (SDN). With several features, controllers monitor the network and respond promptly to dynamic changes. Their performance affects the quality-of-service (QoS) in SDN. Every controller supports a set of features. However, the support of the features may be more prominent in one controller. Moreover, a single controller leads to performance, single-point-of-failure (SPOF), and scalability problems. To overcome this, a controller with an optimum feature set must be available for SDN. Furthermore, a cluster of optimum feature set controllers will overcome an SPOF and improve the QoS in SDN. Herein,… More >