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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Synchronization Characterization of DC Microgrid Converter Output Voltage and Improved Adaptive Synchronization Control Methods

    Wei Chen, Xin Gao*, Zhanhong Wei, Xusheng Yang, Zhao Li

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 805-821, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.059779 - 31 January 2025

    Abstract This paper deeply introduces a brand-new research method for the synchronous characteristics of DC microgrid bus voltage and an improved synchronous control strategy. This method mainly targets the problem of bus voltage oscillation caused by the bifurcation behavior of DC microgrid converters. Firstly, the article elaborately establishes a mathematical model of a single distributed power source with hierarchical control. On this basis, a small-world network model that can better adapt to the topology structure of DC microgrids is further constructed. Then, a voltage synchronization analysis method based on the main stability function is proposed, and… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Short-Term Photovoltaic Power Prediction Based on Multi-Stage Temporal Feature Learning

    Qiang Wang1, Hao Cheng2, Wenrui Zhang2,*, Guangxi Li3, Fan Xu2, Dianhao Chen4, Haixiang Zang4

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 747-764, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.059533 - 31 January 2025

    Abstract Harnessing solar power is essential for addressing the dual challenges of global warming and the depletion of traditional energy sources. However, the fluctuations and intermittency of photovoltaic (PV) power pose challenges for its extensive incorporation into power grids. Thus, enhancing the precision of PV power prediction is particularly important. Although existing studies have made progress in short-term prediction, issues persist, particularly in the underutilization of temporal features and the neglect of correlations between satellite cloud images and PV power data. These factors hinder improvements in PV power prediction performance. To overcome these challenges, this paper… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Design of Voltage Equalization Circuit and Control Method for Lithium-ion Battery Packs

    Qi Wang1,2,3, Lantian Ge1,*, Tianru Xie1, Yibo Huang1, Yandong Gu1, Tao Zhu1, Xuehua Gao1

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 733-746, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.059453 - 31 January 2025

    Abstract The active equalization of lithium-ion batteries involves transferring energy from high-voltage cells to low-voltage cells, ensuring consistent voltage levels across the battery pack and maintaining safety. This paper presents a voltage balancing circuit and control method. First, a single capacitor method is used to design the circuit topology for energy transfer. Next, real-time voltage detection and control are employed to balance energy between cells. Finally, simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, achieving balanced voltages of 3.97 V from initial voltages of 4.10, 3.97, and 3.90 V. The proposed circuit is More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Two-Stage Scheduling Model for Flexible Resources in Active Distribution Networks Based on Probabilistic Risk Perception

    Yukai Li1,*, Ruixue Zhang1, Yongfeng Ni1, Hongkai Qiu1, Yuning Zhang2, Chunming Liu2

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 681-707, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.058981 - 31 January 2025

    Abstract Aiming at the problems of increasing uncertainty of low-carbon generation energy in active distribution network (ADN) and the difficulty of security assessment of distribution network, this paper proposes a two-phase scheduling model for flexible resources in ADN based on probabilistic risk perception. First, a full-cycle probabilistic trend sequence is constructed based on the source-load historical data, and in the day-ahead scheduling phase, the response interval of the flexibility resources on the load and storage side is optimized based on the probabilistic trend, with the probability of the security boundary as the security constraint, and with… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    The Electric Vehicle Surge: Effective Solutions for Charging Challenges with Advanced Converter Technologies

    Rajanand Patnaik Narasipuram1,*, Md M. Pasha2, Saleha Tabassum3, Amit Singh Tandon4

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 431-469, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.055134 - 31 January 2025

    Abstract The global adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is on the rise due to their advanced features, with projections indicating they will soon dominate the private vehicle market. However, improper management of EV charging can lead to significant issues. This paper reviews the development of high-power, reliable charging solutions by examining the converter topologies used in rectifiers and converters that transfer electricity from the grid to EV batteries. It covers technical details, ongoing developments, and challenges related to these topologies and control strategies. The integration of rapid charging stations has introduced various Power Quality (PQ) issues,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Improving the Position Accuracy and Computational Efficiency of UAV Terrain Aided Navigation Using a Two-Stage Hybrid Fuzzy Particle Filtering Method

    Sofia Yousuf1, Muhammad Bilal Kadri2,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.82, No.1, pp. 1193-1210, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.054587 - 03 January 2025

    Abstract Terrain Aided Navigation (TAN) technology has become increasingly important due to its effectiveness in environments where Global Positioning System (GPS) is unavailable. In recent years, TAN systems have been extensively researched for both aerial and underwater navigation applications. However, many TAN systems that rely on recursive Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) position estimation methods, such as Extended Kalman Filters (EKF), often face challenges with divergence and instability, particularly in highly non-linear systems. To address these issues, this paper proposes and investigates a hybrid two-stage TAN positioning system for UAVs that utilizes Particle Filter. To enhance the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Automation of Software Development Stages with the OpenAI API

    Verónica C. Tapia1,2,*, Carlos M. Gaona2

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.49, pp. 1-17, 2025, DOI:10.32604/csse.2024.056979 - 03 January 2025

    Abstract In recent years, automation has become a key focus in software development as organizations seek to improve efficiency and reduce time-to-market. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, particularly those using natural language processing (NLP) like ChatGPT, has opened new possibilities for automating various stages of the development lifecycle. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of ChatGPT in automating various phases of software development. An artificial intelligence (AI) tool was developed using the OpenAI—Application Programming Interface (API), incorporating two key functionalities: 1) generating user stories based on case or process… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Multi-Stage Voltage Control Optimization Strategy for Distribution Networks Considering Active-Reactive Co-Regulation of Electric Vehicles

    Shukang Lyu*, Fei Zeng, Huachun Han, Huiyu Miao, Yi Pan, Xiaodong Yuan

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.1, pp. 221-242, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.056380 - 27 December 2024

    Abstract The high proportion of uncertain distributed power sources and the access to large-scale random electric vehicle (EV) charging resources further aggravate the voltage fluctuation of the distribution network, and the existing research has not deeply explored the EV active-reactive synergistic regulating characteristics, and failed to realize the multi-timescale synergistic control with other regulating means, For this reason, this paper proposes a multilevel linkage coordinated optimization strategy to reduce the voltage deviation of the distribution network. Firstly, a capacitor bank reactive power compensation voltage control model and a distributed photovoltaic (PV) active-reactive power regulation model are… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Remaining Life Prediction Method for Photovoltaic Modules Based on Two-Stage Wiener Process

    Jie Lin*, Hongchi Shen, Tingting Pei, Yan Wu

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.1, pp. 331-347, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.055611 - 27 December 2024

    Abstract Photovoltaic (PV) modules, as essential components of solar power generation systems, significantly influence unit power generation costs. The service life of these modules directly affects these costs. Over time, the performance of PV modules gradually declines due to internal degradation and external environmental factors. This cumulative degradation impacts the overall reliability of photovoltaic power generation. This study addresses the complex degradation process of PV modules by developing a two-stage Wiener process model. This approach accounts for the distinct phases of degradation resulting from module aging and environmental influences. A power degradation model based on the More > Graphic Abstract

    Remaining Life Prediction Method for Photovoltaic Modules Based on Two-Stage Wiener Process

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The impact of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), child-turcotte-pugh (CTP) score and disease staging on the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients: a retrospective cohort from single oncology center

    NASSER MULLA1,*, YOUSEF KATIB2, ASIM M. ALMUGHAMSI3, DUAA S. ALKHAYAT1, MOHAMED MOSAAD1,4, SAMIR T. ALFOTIH5, RAWAN ALAOFI6

    Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 149-160, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.050903 - 20 December 2024

    Abstract Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common cause of cancer-related death in Saudi Arabia. Our study aimed to investigate the patterns of HCC and the effect of TNM staging, Alfa-fetoprotein (AFP), and Child-Turcotte Pugh (CTP) on patients’ overall survival (OS). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 43 HCC patients at a single oncology center in Saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2020. All patients had to fulfill one of the following criteria: (a) a liver lesion reported as definitive HCC on dynamic imaging and/or (b) a biopsy-confirmed diagnosis. Results: The mean patient age of all… More >

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