Open Access

REVIEW

Development of CaO From Natural Calcite as a Heterogeneous Base Catalyst in the Formation of Biodiesel: Review

Nuni Widiarti¹, Yatim Lailun Ni’mah¹, Hasliza Bahruji², Didik Prasetyoko^1,*

1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Institute Technology Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya 60111, Indonesia Jl. Arief Rahman Hakim, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia.
2 Center of Advanced Materials and Energy Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Negara Brunei Darussalam.

*Corresponding Author: Didik Prasetyoko. Email: .

Journal of Renewable Materials 2019, 7(10), 915-939. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2019.07183

Abstract

Biodiesel is a fossil fuel that is in demand to be developed because it is bio-renewable, biodegradable and environmentally friendly. Biodiesel produced from the transesterification reaction of vege Tab. oil using a base catalyst. CaO is the most developed catalyst for the reaction of transesterification of oil into biodiesel because it is cheap, the process is easy and has a high level of alkalinity. CaO is a cheap catalyst because it is easily obtained from natural ingredients. The use of CaO catalysts in the reaction formation of biodiesel continues to develop through modification with various porous materials and different oxide materials. In this paper, we discuss the development of CaO, the modification of CaO with a porous material and metal oxide, the mechanism of reaction of CaO and the kinetics of reactions that occur in the reaction transesterification of oil to biodiesel.

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