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Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a 1-year old boy

Derek P. Ottem, Andrew E. MacNeily, Iain W. McAuley

Division of Pediatric Urology, BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Address correspondence to Dr. Andrew E. MacNeily, Head, Division of Pediatric Urology, BC Children’s Hospital, Level Ambulatory Care Bldg., 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4 Canada

Canadian Journal of Urology 2005, 12(6), 2901-2903.

Abstract

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare, chronic inflammatory lesion of the kidney associated with both chronic infection and obstruction. Most common in middle-aged females, it is important to recognize in children because it may be confused with childhood renal malignancies particularly Wilms’ tumor. We report a case of a 1-year old male with antenatally detected and postnatally confirmed hydronephrosis. Further investigation revealed a left incomplete duplex collecting system with obstructing lower pole stones, pelvicaliectasis and widespread foci of calcification. He underwent a left nephroureterectomy with the pathological report noting XGP.

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