Effect of Absorption of Patch Antenna Signals on Increasing the Head Temperature
- Mohamed Abbas1,3,*, Ali Algahtani2,6, Amir Kessentini2,4,7, Hassen Loukil1,5, Muneer Parayangat1, Thafasal Ijyas1, Abdul Wase Mohammed1
1 Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
3 Department of Computers and Communications, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, 35712, Egypt
4 Laboratory of Electromechanical Systems (LASEM), National Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, 3038, Tunisia
5 Electronics and Information Technology Laboratory, University of Sfax, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, 3038, Tunisia
6 Research Center for Advanced Materials Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
7 Nabeul’s Foundation Institute for Engineering Studies, University of Carthage, IPEIN, Nabeul, 8000, Tunisia
* Corresponding Author: Mohamed Abbas. Email:
(This article belongs to this Special Issue: Data Science and Modeling in Biology, Health, and Medicine)
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
3 Department of Computers and Communications, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, 35712, Egypt
4 Laboratory of Electromechanical Systems (LASEM), National Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, 3038, Tunisia
5 Electronics and Information Technology Laboratory, University of Sfax, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, 3038, Tunisia
6 Research Center for Advanced Materials Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
7 Nabeul’s Foundation Institute for Engineering Studies, University of Carthage, IPEIN, Nabeul, 8000, Tunisia
* Corresponding Author: Mohamed Abbas. Email:
(This article belongs to this Special Issue: Data Science and Modeling in Biology, Health, and Medicine)
Received 25 February 2020; Accepted 01 April 2020; Issue published 20 July 2020
Abstract
Every new generation of antennas is characterized by increased accuracy and faster transmission speeds. However, patch antennas have been known
to damage human health. This type of antenna sends out electromagnetic waves
that increase the temperature of the human head and prevent nerve strands from
functioning properly. This paper examines the effect of the communication
between the patch antenna and the brain on the head’s temperature by developing
a hypothetical multi-input model that achieves more accurate results. These inputs
are an individual’s blood and tissue, and the emission power of the antenna. These
forces depend on the permeability and conductivity characteristics of the metal
from which the antenna is fabricated. The proposed model is the first one that
links the material the antenna is manufactured from and the head’s temperature.
The results show that there are only a small number of materials that should be
used as antenna covers. These materials are in the form of thin films. By using
these thin films at different temperatures, the risk to the head can be reduced. This
paper finds that the best results were obtained when the patch antenna was made
of one of the following materials operating at a specific temperature: traditional
materials at 305°K; casting cast steel at around 295°K; bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3)
at 290°K; or barium sodium niobate at 310°K.
Keywords
Brain; patch antenna; head overheating; waves behavior; materials properties
Cite This Article
Abbas, M., Algahtani, A., Kessentini, A., Loukil, H., Parayangat, M. et al. (2020). Effect of Absorption of Patch Antenna Signals on Increasing the Head Temperature. CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, 124(2), 683–701.
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