Open Access

ARTICLE

Numerical Modelling of Oblique Wave Interaction with Dual Curved-LEG Pontoon Floating Breakwaters

Jothika Palanisamy¹, Chandru Muthusamy^1,*, Higinio Ramos^2,3,*

1 Department of Mathematics, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India
2 Scientific Computing Group, University of Salamanca, Plaza de la Merced, Salamanca, 37008, Spain
3 Department of Applied Mathematics, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Zamora, University of Salamanca, Campus Viriato, Zamora, 49022, Spain

* Corresponding Authors: Chandru Muthusamy. Email: ; Higinio Ramos. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Scientific Computing and Its Application to Engineering Problems)

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025, 145(2), 2017-2038. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2025.071958

Received 16 August 2025; Accepted 17 October 2025; Issue published 26 November 2025

Abstract

This study investigates the performance of dual curved-leg pontoon floating breakwaters in finite water depth under the assumption of linear wave theory. The analysis is carried out for four different models of curved-leg geometries, which are combinations of convex and concave shapes. The models are classified as follows. Model-1: Seaside and leeside face concave, Model-2: Seaside and leeside face convex, Model-3: Seaside face convex and leeside face concave, and Model-4: Seaside face concave and leeside face convex. The Boundary Element Method is utilized in order to find a solution to the associated boundary value problem. The numerical results are validated against existing analytical and experimental data. Further, the study examines the wave reflection, wave transmission, and the hydrodynamic forces acting on the structure for different values of waves and structural parameters. Overall, the different dual curved-leg pontoon breakwaters are more effective, reducing wave transmission by over 15% and increasing wave reflection by more than 5% compared to traditional models. The study shows that the wave reflected by Model 1 significantly increased and attenuated the wave transmission relative to other models. The study found that the height of the curved-leg of Model 1 plays a critical role in blocking waves and redirecting the flow. More precisely, the present analysis concludes that the hydrodynamic performance of Model-1 presents an optimized breakwater design that outperforms the proposed models.

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