CardioForest: An Explainable Ensemble Learning Model for Automatic Wide QRS Complex Tachycardia Diagnosis from ECG
Vaskar Chakma1,#, Xiaolin Ju1,#, Heling Cao2, Xue Feng3, Xiaodong Ji3, Haiyan Pan3,*, Gao Zhan1,*
Journal of Intelligent Medicine and Healthcare, Vol.4, pp. 37-86, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jimh.2026.075201
- 23 January 2026
Abstract Wide QRS Complex Tachycardia (WCT) is a life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia requiring rapid and accurate diagnosis. Traditional manual ECG interpretation is time-consuming and subject to inter-observer variability, while existing AI models often lack the clinical interpretability necessary for trusted deployment in emergency settings. We developed CardioForest, an optimized Random Forest ensemble model, for automated WCT detection from 12-lead ECG signals. The model was trained, tested, and validated using 10-fold cross-validation on 800,000 ten-second-long 12-lead Electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings from the MIMIC-IV dataset (15.46% WCT prevalence), with comparative evaluation against XGBoost, LightGBM, and Gradient Boosting models. Performance was… More >