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Incidence, morphology, and progression of bicuspid aortic valve in pediatric and young adult subjects with coexisting congenital heart defects

Talha Niaz1, Joseph T. Poterucha1, Jonathan N. Johnson1,2, Cecilia Craviari1, Thomas Nienaber1, Jared Palfreeman1, Frank Cetta1,2, Donald J. Hagler1,2

1 Department of Pediatrics/Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
2 Department of Medicine/Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

* Corresponding Author: Donald J. Hagler MD, Professor of Pediatrics and Medicine, Divisions of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Email: email

Congenital Heart Disease 2017, 12(3), 261-269. https://doi.org/10.1111/chd.12429

Abstract

Background: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) occurs both as an isolated cardiac lesion and in association with congenital heart defects (CHD). Their aim was to identify the incidence and morphology of BAV in patients with coexisting CHD and compare their disease progression to patients with isolated BAV.
Methods: The Mayo Clinic echocardiography database was retrospectively analyzed to identify pediatric and young adult patients (≤22 years) who were diagnosed with BAV from 1990 to 2015. The morphology of BAV was determined from the echocardiographic studies before any intervention.
Results: Overall, 1010 patients with BAV were identified, 619 (61%) with isolated BAV and 391 (39%) with BAV and coexisting CHD. The incidence of BAV was highest in patients with coarctation of the aorta (36%) and interrupted aortic arch (36%). In comparison to patients with isolated BAV, patients with BAV and left-sided obstructive lesions more frequently had right-left cusp fusion (P = .0001). BAV in patients with right-sided obstructive lesions was rare, but they more frequently had right-noncoronary or left-noncoronary cusp fusion (P = .01). No significant progression of aortic stenosis or regurgitation was observed in patients with BAV and coexisting CHD; however in patients with isolated BAV the severity of aortic regurgitation increased with age. In patients with isolated BAV, the ascending aorta diameter (z-score) increased with age, peaked around 8–9 years of age, and was larger in comparison to patients with BAV and coexisting CHD. The sinus of Valsalva diameter (z-score) in patients with BAV and ventricular septal defect was larger than isolated BAV patients after 18 years (P < .04).
Conclusions: The morphology of BAV, the pattern and progression of aortic dilatation, and the severity of aortic valve disease vary in pediatric and young adult patients with BAV and coexisting CHD. However, there was no significant BAV disease progression when associated with these CHD.

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APA Style
Niaz, T., Poterucha, J.T., Johnson, J.N., Craviari, C., Nienaber, T. et al. (2017). Incidence, morphology, and progression of bicuspid aortic valve in pediatric and young adult subjects with coexisting congenital heart defects. Congenital Heart Disease, 12(3), 261-269. https://doi.org/10.1111/chd.12429
Vancouver Style
Niaz T, Poterucha JT, Johnson JN, Craviari C, Nienaber T, Palfreeman J, et al. Incidence, morphology, and progression of bicuspid aortic valve in pediatric and young adult subjects with coexisting congenital heart defects. Congeni Heart Dis. 2017;12(3):261-269 https://doi.org/10.1111/chd.12429
IEEE Style
T. Niaz et al., “Incidence, morphology, and progression of bicuspid aortic valve in pediatric and young adult subjects with coexisting congenital heart defects,” Congeni. Heart Dis., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 261-269, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1111/chd.12429



cc Copyright © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Tech Science Press.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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