Open Access

REVIEW

Applications of Artificial Intelligence on Fetal Echocardiography

Juliana Assis Alves¹, Mayra Martins Melo¹, Lorenza Machado Teixeira², Nathalie Jeanne Bravo-Valenzuela³, Edward Araujo Júnior^1,2,*

1 Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, 04021-001, SP, Brazil
2 Discipline of Woman Health, Municipal University of São Caetano do Sul (USCS), São Caetano do Sul, 09521-160, SP, Brazil
3 Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Cardiology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, RJ, Brazil

* Corresponding Author: Edward Araujo Júnior. Email:

Congenital Heart Disease 2025, 20(3), 369-381. https://doi.org/10.32604/chd.2025.066358

Received 06 April 2025; Accepted 25 June 2025; Issue published 11 July 2025

Abstract

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital anomaly and a major cause of death among fetal malformations, but prenatal diagnosis is considered to be low. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) in fetal echocardiography has made it possible to automate and standardise the examination, improving the variation in CHD detection rates between different regions and reducing the reliance on operator experience. AI includes any computer program (algorithms and models) that mimics human logic and intelligence, and its use in fetal echocardiography is mainly to acquire and optimise images, perform automatic measurements, identify discrepant values, and diagnose and classify pathologies. In this review, we will look at the different practical applications of AI in fetal echocardiography.

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Keywords

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