Open Access

REVIEW

Blockchain Security Threats and Collaborative Defense: A Literature Review

Xiulai Li^1,2,3,4, Jieren Cheng^1,3,*, Zhaoxin Shi^2,3, Jingxin Liu^2,3, Bin Zhang^1,3, Xinbing Xu^2,3, Xiangyan Tang^1,3, Victor S. Sheng⁵

1 School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
2 School of Cyberspace Security, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
3 Hainan Blockchain Technology Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
4 Hainan Hairui Zhong Chuang Technol Co. Ltd., Haikou, 570228, China
5 Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, 79409, USA

* Corresponding Author: Jieren Cheng. Email:

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023, 76(3), 2597-2629. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.040596

Received 24 March 2023; Accepted 25 May 2023; Issue published 08 October 2023

Abstract

As a distributed database, the system security of the blockchain is of great significance to prevent tampering, protect privacy, prevent double spending, and improve credibility. Due to the decentralized and trustless nature of blockchain, the security defense of the blockchain system has become one of the most important measures. This paper comprehensively reviews the research progress of blockchain security threats and collaborative defense, and we first introduce the overview, classification, and threat assessment process of blockchain security threats. Then, we investigate the research status of single-node defense technology and multi-node collaborative defense technology and summarize the blockchain security evaluation indicators and evaluation methods. Finally, we discuss the challenges of blockchain security and future research directions, such as parallel detection and federated learning. This paper aims to stimulate further research and discussion on blockchain security, providing more reliable security guarantees for the use and development of blockchain technology to face changing threats and challenges through continuous updating and improvement of defense technologies.

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Keywords

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