Open Access
REVIEW
Research review of the mechanism and clinical application prospects of tertiary lymphoid structures in the immune micro-environment of gastrointestinal tumors
JIANG ZHU*
Second Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
* Corresponding Author: JIANG ZHU. Email: 
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Transcriptome Analysis in Tumor Microenvironment and Tumor Heterogeneity)
Oncology Research https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2025.058957
Received 25 September 2024; Accepted 21 January 2025; Published online 11 March 2025
Abstract
Changes in the intestinal immune micro-environment of the gastrointestinal tract are indispensable in the occurrence and development of gastrointestinal cancer. Tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) is an immune cell aggregation structure found around gastrointestinal cancer in recent years. More and more research proves that tertiary lymphoid structure plays a key biological role and clinical value in disease progression, patient prognosis, and adjuvant treatment. This review aims to explore the research progress, biological significance, and potential clinical applications of TLSs in gastrointestinal tumors. The formation, development, and interaction of TLSs with tumor microenvironment have been reviewed and analyzed in recent years. Meanwhile, this review not only evaluates the clinical value of TLSs as prognostic biomarkers and predictors of treatment response but also explores their role in guiding the formulation of immunotherapy strategies for gastrointestinal tumors. In addition, this review points out the main problems in the current research of TLSs and looks forward to their future development, especially their broad application prospects in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of gastrointestinal tumors.
Keywords
Tertiary Lymphoid Structures (TLS); Gastrointestinal tumors
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