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Polo-like kinase 1 as a biomarker predicts the prognosis and immunotherapy of breast invasive carcinoma patients

JUAN SHEN1,#, WEIYU ZHANG2,3,#, QINQIN JIN2,3,#, FUYU GONG4,#, HEPING ZHANG5, HONGLIANG XU5, JIEJIE LI2,3, HUI YAO2,3, XIYA JIANG2,3, YINTING YANG2,3, LIN HONG2,3, JIE MEI2,3, YANG SONG6,*, SHUGUANG ZHOU2,3,7,*

1 School of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei, 230088, China
2 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, 230001, China
3 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
4 Departments of Breast Surgery, Fuyang Women and Children’s Hospital, Fuyang, 236000, China
5 Departments of Pathology, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Hefei, 230001, China
6 Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
7 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Linquan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Fuyang, 236400, China

* Corresponding Authors: YANG SONG. Email: email; SHUGUANG ZHOU. Email: email
# These authors contributed equally

Oncology Research 2024, 32(2), 339-351. https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2023.030887

Abstract

Background: Invasive breast carcinoma (BRCA) is associated with poor prognosis and high risk of mortality. Therefore, it is critical to identify novel biomarkers for the prognostic assessment of BRCA. Methods: The expression data of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) in BRCA and the corresponding clinical information were extracted from TCGA and GEO databases. PLK1 expression was validated in diverse breast cancer cell lines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was performed to evaluate immune infiltration in the BRCA microenvironment, and the random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms were used to screen for the hub infiltrating cells and calculate the immunophenoscore (IPS). The RF algorithm and COX regression model were applied to calculate survival risk scores based on the PLK1 expression and immune cell infiltration. Finally, a prognostic nomogram was constructed with the risk score and pathological stage, and its clinical potential was evaluated by plotting calibration charts and DCA curves. The application of the nomogram was further validated in an immunotherapy cohort. Results: PLK1 expression was significantly higher in the tumor samples in TCGA-BRCA cohort. Furthermore, PLK1 expression level, age and stage were identified as independent prognostic factors of BRCA. While the IPS was unaffected by PLK1 expression, the TMB and MATH scores were higher in the PLK1-high group, and the TIDE scores were higher for the PLK1-low patients. We also identified 6 immune cell types with high infiltration, along with 11 immune cell types with low infiltration in the PLK1-high tumors. A risk score was devised using PLK1 expression and hub immune cells, which predicted the prognosis of BRCA patients. In addition, a nomogram was constructed based on the risk score and pathological staging, and showed good predictive performance. Conclusions: PLK1 expression and immune cell infiltration can predict post-immunotherapy prognosis of BRCA patients.

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APA Style
SHEN, J., ZHANG, W., JIN, Q., GONG, F., ZHANG, H. et al. (2024). Polo-like kinase 1 as a biomarker predicts the prognosis and immunotherapy of breast invasive carcinoma patients. Oncology Research, 32(2), 339-351. https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2023.030887
Vancouver Style
SHEN J, ZHANG W, JIN Q, GONG F, ZHANG H, XU H, et al. Polo-like kinase 1 as a biomarker predicts the prognosis and immunotherapy of breast invasive carcinoma patients. Oncol Res. 2024;32(2):339-351 https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2023.030887
IEEE Style
J. SHEN et al., "Polo-like kinase 1 as a biomarker predicts the prognosis and immunotherapy of breast invasive carcinoma patients," Oncol. Res., vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 339-351. 2024. https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2023.030887



cc Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Tech Science Press.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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