Open Access
ARTICLE
The Allelopathic Effects of Sunflower and Wheat Root Exudates on Sinapis arvensis and Sinapis alba
Bengu Turkyilmaz Unal1,*, Mustafa Bayram2
1 Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, 51240, Nigde, Turkey.
2 Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, 51240, Nigde, Turkey.
* Corresponding Author: Bengu Turkyilmaz Unal. Email: .
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2019, 88(4), 413-423. https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2019.08244
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the allelopathic effects of
sunflower and wheat root exudates on the common weeds such as wild mustard
and white mustard in our region. The root exudates which were obtained by
soaking 8 weeks old sunflower and wheat seedlings (20 or 40 seedlings) in 100
mL of distilled water for 3 days were applied to the leaves of wild mustard and
white mustard. In order to compare the allelopathic effect, the recommended
dose (1 g.da
-1
) and twice the recommended dose (2 g.da
-1
) of Gromstor
(Tribenuron-methyl), a herbicide preferred by farmers for the chemical control of
these weeds was also applied. The allelopathy was performed for wild mustard
and white mustard seedlings by the measurement of different physiological and
biochemical parameters, such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll,
carotenoid, proline, total protein amounts and superoxide dismutase enzyme
activity. The amounts of total chl and carotenoid in wild mustard leaves
decreased in all treatment groups compared to control. The highest decrease in
total chl (50.93%) and carotenoid (46.69%) was oberved in the treatment of 40
wheat seedlings. 100 mL
-1 distilled water. In the white mustard leaves, the
amount of total chl in all treatment groups except the treatment group of
Gromstor 2 g.da
-1 and carotenoid in all treatment groups increased compared to
the control. The highest increases again were observed in 40 wheat seedlings.
100 mL
-1 distilled water treatment. The proline amounts in wild mustard and
white mustard increased in all treatment groups. The highest increase was
observed for the treatment of 20 wheat seedlings. 100 mL
-1 distilled water in
wild mustard (459.69%) and 40 sunflower seedlings. 100 mL
-1 distilled water in
white mustard plant (104.70%). In superoxide dismutase enzyme activities,
treatments decreased activity except treatment of 40 sunflower seedling root
exudate in wild mustard, while increased activity outside commercial herbicide
treatment in white mustard. The results showed that sunflower and wheat root
exudates have allelopathic effects on wild mustard and white mustard weeds. It
is thought that the study will be a reference for new studies that will enable the
use of plant root exudates as bioherbicides or foliar fertilizers and will contribute
to the fight against weeds in organic agriculture.
Keywords
Cite This Article
Unal, B. T., Bayram, M. (2019). The Allelopathic Effects of Sunflower and Wheat Root Exudates on
Sinapis arvensis and Sinapis alba.
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, 88(4), 413–423. https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2019.08244