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  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Lynch syndrome and colorectal cancer: A review of current perspectives in molecular genetics and clinical strategies

    RAQUEL GÓMEZ-MOLINA1,*, RAQUEL MARTÍNEZ2,3,4, MIGUEL SUÁREZ2,3,4,*, ANA PEÑA-CABIA1, MARíA CONCEPCIóN CALDERÓN1, JORGE MATEO3,4

    Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.7, pp. 1531-1545, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.063951 - 26 June 2025

    Abstract Lynch syndrome (LS), also known as hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), is an inherited condition associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and other cancers. It is caused by germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, including MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2. These mutations lead to microsatellite instability (MSI) and defective DNA repair mechanisms, resulting in increased cancer risk. Early detection of LS is crucial for effective management and cancer prevention. Endoscopic surveillance, particularly regular colonoscopy, is recommended for individuals with LS to detect CRC at early stages. Additionally, universal screening of CRC for More > Graphic Abstract

    Lynch syndrome and colorectal cancer: A review of current perspectives in molecular genetics and clinical strategies

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Molecular Cloning, Subcellular Localization and Expression Analyses of PdbHLH57 Transcription Factor in Colored-Leaf Poplar

    Yuhang Li1, Li Sun1, Tao Wang1, Bingjun Yu2, Zhihong Gao3, Xiaochun Shu1, Tengyue Yan1, Weibing Zhuang1,2,*, Zhong Wang1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.4, pp. 1211-1223, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.063647 - 30 April 2025

    Abstract bHLH transcription factors, widely exist in various plants, and are vital for the growth and development of these plants. Among them, many have been implicated in anthocyanin biosynthesis across various plants. In the present study, a PdbHLH57 gene, belonging to the bHLH IIIf group, was characterized, which was isolated and cloned from the colored-leaf poplar ‘Zhongshancaiyun’ (ZSCY). The cDNA sequence of PdbHLH57 was 1887 base pairs, and the protein encoded by PdbHLH57 had 628 amino acids, the isoelectric point and molecular weight of which were 6.26 and 69.75 kDa, respectively. Through bioinformatics analysis, PdbHLH57 has been classified… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Death domain-associated protein (Daxx) impairs colon cancer chemotherapy by inhibiting the cGAS-STING pathway

    XI ZHU1,2,#, KAI HUANG3,#, XIAOMING KAO2, ZHAOHUI TANG3, WENJIE GUO3, TIANCONG WU4,*, QIURONG LI1,2,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.5, pp. 1149-1159, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.054930 - 18 April 2025

    Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) holds the third position in global cancer prevalence mortality. Although chemotherapy is a conventional treatment, recent investigations have shed light on the therapeutic potential of the cGAS cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway in CRC management. Despite the primary role of the death domain-associated protein (Daxx) in cellular apoptosis, its influence on the regulation of cGAS-STING activation remains elusive. Methods: The Daxx degradation and speck formation were conducted using immunofluorescence and Western blotting. The Daxx knock-down and over-expression in CRC cells were performed to detect in vivo and in vitroMore >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    NUDT21 Functions as a Pro-Tumorigenic Gene in Colorectal Cancer by Upregulating the TAZ Protein Expression

    Xiaojian Chen1,2,#, Zhujiang Dai1,#, Qiang Wang3, Wei Chen1, Yun Liu1,*, Zhongchuan Wang1,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.3, pp. 503-518, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.059286 - 31 March 2025

    Abstract Background: Nudix Hydrolase 21 (NUDT21) is crucial for the regulation of alternative polyadenylation, with its reduced expression frequently resulting in a shortened mRNA 3 untranslated region (UTR), thereby enhancing the protein levels of downstream genes. Although NUDT21 is widely recognized for its tumor-suppressive function in various cancers, its involvement in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains poorly understood. Methods: The expression of NUDT21 in CRC and adjacent normal tissues was analyzed through qPCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Additionally, we investigated the correlation between NUDT21 expression and patient prognosis. With Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and Transwell assay, we… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Optimizing 2D Image Quality in CartoonGAN: A Novel Approach Using Enhanced Pixel Integration

    Stellar Choi1, HeeAe Ko2, KyungRok Bae3, HyunSook Lee2, HaeJong Joo4, Woong Choi5,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.1, pp. 335-355, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.061243 - 26 March 2025

    Abstract Previous research utilizing Cartoon Generative Adversarial Network (CartoonGAN) has encountered limitations in managing intricate outlines and accurately representing lighting effects, particularly in complex scenes requiring detailed shading and contrast. This paper presents a novel Enhanced Pixel Integration (EPI) technique designed to improve the visual quality of images generated by CartoonGAN. Rather than modifying the core model, the EPI approach employs post-processing adjustments that enhance images without significant computational overhead. In this method, images produced by CartoonGAN are converted from Red-Green-Blue (RGB) to Hue-Saturation-Value (HSV) format, allowing for precise adjustments in hue, saturation, and brightness, thereby… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Chitosan oligosaccharide enhances the anti-cancer effects of 5-fluorouracil on SNU-C5 colorectal cancer cells by activating ERK

    JI-SU HAN1, HYE-JIN BOO1, JIN WON HYUN1, HEESANG SONG2, IN-YOUB CHANG3, SANG-PIL YOON1,4,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 873-884, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.052003 - 19 March 2025

    Abstract Background: Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is the major degradation product of chitosan by enzymatic processes. COS, with complete water solubility, exerts significant biological effects, including anti-cancer activity. We investigated the anti-tumor effects of COS on colorectal cancer as effective therapeutic methods with low side effects are lacking. Methods: COS was obtained from low molecular weight chitosan by an enzymatic method and the anti-cancer effects were measured by cell viability assay, flow cytometry analysis, Western blotting, and xenograft. Results: COS suppressed the proliferation of SNU-C5 cells compared to other colorectal cancer cells, but higher concentrations were required in… More > Graphic Abstract

    Chitosan oligosaccharide enhances the anti-cancer effects of 5-fluorouracil on SNU-C5 colorectal cancer cells by activating ERK

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Correlation between Floral Color Attributes and Volatile Components among 10 Fragrant Phalaenopsis Cultivars

    Xiuyun Liu1, Jixia Sun2, Feng Ming3, Minxiao Liu2,*, Xinyu Wang2, Yingjie Zhang2,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.2, pp. 379-391, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.060726 - 06 March 2025

    Abstract To study the main aroma components of Phalaenopsis orchid and their relationship with colors, 10 fragrant cultivars with different colors, like pink, rose, yellow, and purple, were used as samples in this experiment. Headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to determine the main components of floral fragrance and analyze the correlation between floral color and fragrance. The results showed that the main aroma components of the 10 fragrant cultivars of Phalaenopsis were alcohols, alkenes, esters, and benzene ring compounds, and the main aroma components of different cultivars were diverse. The main aroma components of yellow fragrant flowers… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Comparative Anticancer Mechanisms of Viscum album var. coloratum Water Extract and Its Lectin on Primary and Metastatic Melanoma Cells

    Chang-Eui Hong1, Su-Yun Lyu2,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.2, pp. 289-314, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.061334 - 28 February 2025

    Abstract Objectives: Among cutaneous malignancies, melanoma stands out for its particularly aggressive nature, with therapeutic interventions becoming notably limited once the disease progresses. In this research, we investigate the tumor-suppressing capabilities of water-extracted Korean mistletoe (Viscum album var. coloratum) and its purified lectin component (V. album var. coloratum agglutinin, VCA) using two distinct mouse melanoma models: B16BL6 and B16F10 cell lines. Methods: The impact of water extract and VCA treatments on melanoma cells was assessed through multiple experimental approaches, examining cellular survival rates, programmed cell death pathways, multicaspase activity, and cell cycle distribution patterns. To elucidate the interconnections among… More >

  • Open Access

    CORRECTION

    Correction: Deep Learning-Enhanced Brain Tumor Prediction via Entropy-Coded BPSO in CIELAB Color Space

    Mudassir Khalil1, Muhammad Imran Sharif2,*, Ahmed Naeem3, Muhammad Umar Chaudhry1, Hafiz Tayyab Rauf4,*, Adham E. Ragab5

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.82, No.1, pp. 1461-1461, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.061589 - 03 January 2025

    Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Robust Backstepping Control of a Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle under Colored Noises

    Mehmet Karahan*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.82, No.1, pp. 777-798, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.059123 - 03 January 2025

    Abstract Advances in software and hardware technologies have facilitated the production of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Nowadays, people actively use quadrotor UAVs in essential missions such as search and rescue, counter-terrorism, firefighting, surveillance, and cargo transportation. While performing these tasks, quadrotors must operate in noisy environments. Therefore, a robust controller design that can control the altitude and attitude of the quadrotor in noisy environments is of great importance. Many researchers have focused only on white Gaussian noise in their studies, whereas researchers need to consider the effects of all colored noises during the operation of… More >

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