Xianke He¹, Yuansheng Li¹, Hengjie Liao¹, Zhehao Jiang¹, Meixue Shi¹, Zhe Hu^2,3, Yaowei Huang^2,3, Keliu Wu^2,3,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.074990 - 06 February 2026

Abstract Weak water-drive offshore reservoirs with complex pore architecture and strong permeability heterogeneity present major challenges, including rapid depletion of formation energy, low waterflood efficiency, and significant lateral and vertical variability in crude oil properties, all of which contribute to limited recovery. To support more effective field development, alternative strategies and a deeper understanding of pore-scale flow behavior are urgently needed. In this work, CT imaging and digital image processing were used to construct a digital rock model representative of the target reservoir. A pore-scale flow model was then developed, and the Volume of Fluid (VOF)… More > Graphic Abstract

Haokai Xie¹, Yi Lu¹, Xiaojun Ni¹, Yilei Gu¹, Sihao Fu^2,*, Wenyao Ye³, Zheren Zhang², Zheng Xu²

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.070934 - 27 January 2026

Abstract With the rapid development of large-scale offshore wind farms, efficient and reliable power transmission systems are urgently needed. Hybrid high-voltage direct current (HVDC) configurations combining a diode rectifier unit (DRU) and a modular multilevel converter (MMC) have emerged as a promising solution, offering advantages in cost-effectiveness and control capability. However, the uncontrollable nature of the DRU poses significant challenges for system stability under offshore AC fault conditions, particularly due to its inability to provide fault current or voltage support. This paper investigates the offshore AC fault characteristics and fault ride-through (FRT) strategy of a hybrid… More >

Meenakshi Aggarwal¹, Vikas Khullar^2,*, Nitin Goyal³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.2, pp. 1-31, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.072673 - 09 December 2025

Abstract The Internet of Vehicles, or IoV, is expected to lessen pollution, ease traffic, and increase road safety. IoV entities’ interconnectedness, however, raises the possibility of cyberattacks, which can have detrimental effects. IoV systems typically send massive volumes of raw data to central servers, which may raise privacy issues. Additionally, model training on IoV devices with limited resources normally leads to slower training times and reduced service quality. We discuss a privacy-preserving Federated Split Learning with Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) approach, which operates on IoV edge devices without sharing sensitive raw data. Specifically, we focus on… More >

Mohamed Ezz¹, Meshrif Alruily^1,*, Ayman Mohamed Mostafa^2,*, Alaa S. Alaerjan¹, Bader Aldughayfiq², Hisham Allahem², Abdulaziz Shehab²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.1, pp. 1-28, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.063189 - 10 November 2025

Abstract Automated essay scoring (AES) systems have gained significant importance in educational settings, offering a scalable, efficient, and objective method for evaluating student essays. However, developing AES systems for Arabic poses distinct challenges due to the language’s complex morphology, diglossia, and the scarcity of annotated datasets. This paper presents a hybrid approach to Arabic AES by combining text-based, vector-based, and embedding-based similarity measures to improve essay scoring accuracy while minimizing the training data required. Using a large Arabic essay dataset categorized into thematic groups, the study conducted four experiments to evaluate the impact of feature selection,… More >

Mircea Ţălu^1,2,*

Journal of Cyber Security, Vol.7, pp. 565-587, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jcs.2025.073690 - 11 December 2025

Abstract The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has intensified the demand for cryptographic solutions that balance security, performance, and resource efficiency. However, existing studies often focus on isolated algorithmic families, lacking a comprehensive structural and experimental comparison across diverse lightweight cryptographic designs. This study addresses that gap by providing an integrated analysis of modern lightweight cryptographic algorithms spanning six structural classes—Substitution–Permutation Network (SPN), Feistel Network (FN), Generalized Feistel Network (GFN), Addition–Rotation–XOR (ARX), Nonlinear Feedback Shift Register (NLFSR), and Hybrid models—evaluated on resource-constrained IoT platforms. The key contributions include: (i) establishing a unified benchmarking… More >

Qiuyu Lu¹, Yunqi Yan², Yang Liu¹, Ying Chen^2,*, Yinguo Yang¹, Tannan Xiao³, Guobing Wu¹

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.12, pp. 4799-4814, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.069131 - 27 November 2025

Abstract The rapid expansion of offshore wind energy necessitates robust and cost-effective electrical collector system (ECS) designs that prioritize lifetime operational reliability. Traditional optimization approaches often simplify reliability considerations or fail to holistically integrate them with economic and technical constraints. This paper introduces a novel, two-stage optimization framework for offshore wind farm (OWF) ECS planning that systematically incorporates reliability. The first stage employs Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) to determine an optimal radial network topology, considering linearized reliability approximations and geographical constraints. The second stage enhances this design by strategically placing tie-lines using a Mixed-Integer Quadratically Constrained More >

Lihao Zhang^1,2, Lin Cao^1,2, Lige Huang^1,2, Jie Wang^1,2, Jiabing Li^2,3,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 457-468, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.067364 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Background: Studies have indicated an association between inflammatory factors (IFs) in the blood and the development of bladder cancer (BC). This study aimed to explore the correlation and clinical significance of IFs with the pathological grading of BC. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the preoperative blood routine results, postoperative pathological findings, and baseline information of 163 patients. Patients were divided into high-grade and low-grade groups based on pathological grading. Group comparisons and logistic regression analyses were performed using R software version 4.1.3 to explore the relationships between IFs and BC pathological grading. Results: The… More >

Nadia Gouider¹, Mohammed Benzerara^2,*, Yazid Hadidane¹, S. M. Anas^3,*, Oulfa Harrat¹, Hamda Guedaoura^2,4, Anfel Chaima Hadidane⁵, Messaoud Saidani⁶

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.1, pp. 457-481, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.071600 - 30 October 2025

Abstract In recent years, cold-formed steel (CFS) built-up sections have gained a lot of attention in construction. This is mainly because of their structural efficiency and the design advantages they offer. They provide better load-bearing strength and show greater resistance to elastic instability. This study looks at both experimental and numerical analysis of built-up CFS columns. The columns were formed by joining two C-sections in different ways: back-to-back, face-to-face, and box arrangements. Each type was tested with different slenderness ratios. For the experiments, the back-to-back and box sections were connected using two rows of rivets. The… More > Graphic Abstract

Mengna Cheng¹, Hao Guo², Feng Cao², Jie Gong¹, Fengshuang Du^1,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.10, pp. 2629-2650, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.070344 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Produced water reinjection is a common strategy in offshore oilfield operations, yet the presence of solid particles in produced water can lead to localized formation pressure buildup, increasing the risk of rock fracturing and leakage. In this study, we present an integrated experimental and numerical investigation to quantify the effects of particle migration on formation pressure and the spatial diffusion of injected water. Dynamic plugging experiments were performed to systematically examine the influence of injection rate and injection volume on core permeability. Results demonstrate that higher injection rates substantially reduce permeability, and the derived relationship More >

Mao Jiang¹, Jianshu Wu¹, Chengyong Peng¹, Xuesong Xing¹, Yishan Lou^2,3, Yi Liu^2,3,*, Shanyong Liu^2,3

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.10, pp. 4019-4034, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.067236 - 30 September 2025

Abstract Fracture conductivity is a key factor to determine the fracturing effect. Optimizing proppant particle size distribution is critical for ensuring efficient proppant placement within fractures. To address challenges associated with the low-permeability reservoirs in the Lufeng Oilfield of the South China Sea—including high heterogeneity, complex lithology, and suboptimal fracturing outcomes—JRC (Joint Roughness Coefficient) was employed to quantitatively characterize the lithological properties of the target formation. A CFD-DEM (Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method) two-way coupling approach was then utilized to construct a fracture channel model that simulates proppant transport dynamics. The proppant particle size under different… More >