Michele Manganelli^*

BIOCELL, Vol.50, No.10, 2026, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2026.081268 - 22 September 2026

Abstract Telomere homeostasis is intrinsically integrated into the cellular metabolic network through a complex mito-nuclear communication system. Telomeric chromatin acts as a sensitive sensor of mitochondrial flux, where the stability of telomeres depends on mitochondrial-derived metabolites essential for epigenetic remodeling. Three primary axes govern this control: (1) Acetyl-CoA-mediated histone acetylation necessary for human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) expression; (2) the competitive balance between α-ketoglutarate/succinate, modulating Jumonji-C (JmjC)-demethylases and Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes; (3) the mitochondrial NAD⁺/NADH ratio, governing sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) fidelity. The bidirectional non-coding RNA shuttling, TERC-53 fragment, acts as a retrograde signal of mitochondrial distress. More >

Xuan Chen, Chao Luo, Wei Wen^*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.9, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.079753 - 13 August 2026

Abstract This article systematically elaborates on the dual role of DNA methylation in the initiation and progression of gastric cancer and its potential clinical applications in precision oncology. As a core epigenetic mechanism, DNA methylation drives the multistage development of gastric cancer through the coordinated dysregulation of genome-wide hypomethylation and promoter-specific hypermethylation, playing a key role in chronic inflammation and epigenetic reprogramming, particularly in the context of Helicobacter pylori infection. The article focuses on analyzing the central pathogenic mechanisms of DNA methylation, including the silencing of tumor suppressor genes, induction of genomic instability, promotion of the CpG More >

Ioannis Anestopoulos^1,*, Sotiris Kyriakou¹, Maria Deligiorgi², Dimitrios T. Trafalis², Sotiris Botaitis³, Rodrigo Franco^4,5, Aglaia Pappa⁶, Mihalis I. Panayiotidis^7,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.072349 - 16 July 2026

Abstract Despite the use of targeted and/or immune-based therapeutic approaches, mortality rates among melanoma patients are high, mainly due to drug-induced resistance mechanisms. In parallel, alterations of epigenetic mechanisms (e.g., deregulated patterns of DNA methylation, aberrant histone modifications and abnormal expression levels of non-coding RNAs [ncRNAs]) have been associated not only with the pathophysiology of melanoma but also with the resistance against various immunotherapeutic drugs. In this review article, we discuss the involvement of different types of epigenetic mechanisms in melanoma progression. In addition, we report on melanoma’s immune environment and immunosuppressive mechanisms while we highlight More >

Yuyue Luo^1,#, Yikan Zheng^2,#, Jie Qin^1,#, Jinwei Liu², Yuhan Ma², Jingda Li³, Jun Li⁴, Wenlong Sun^1,*, Qian Zhang^2,*, Mengyao Li^5,6,*

European Cytokine Network, Vol.37, No.2, pp. 97-119, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ecn.2026.082885 - 30 June 2026

Abstract Cytokines, as key signaling molecules, are involved in the regulation of physiological and pathological processes such as inflammation, immunity, and cell growth. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs, enable precise control of gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. Recent studies have revealed that cytokines interact with epigenetic regulation to form a dynamic and complex “cytokine-epigenetic axis”. Through metabolic reprogramming and regulation of epigenetic enzyme activity, this axis affects gene expression patterns at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, thereby contributing to the initiation and progression of various diseases, including… More >

Guancan Liang^#, Jian Pan^#, Ruixiang Dai, Ziyi Lin, Xunbao Wang, Teng Hou, Zhicheng Luo, Xiaoming Wang^*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.33, No.3, pp. 563-571, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cju.2026.074252 - 29 June 2026

Abstract Background: The causal link between mental illness and prostatitis remains inconclusive, largely due to heterogeneity and potential confounders. This study explored the causal link between mental illness and prostatitis in men using Mendelian randomization (MR), and offered recommendations for enhancing future research. Methods: Publicly accessible genome-wide association study (GWAS) data were accessed via the IEU OpenGWAS platform and FinnGen database for this research. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach served as the primary Mendelian randomization analysis, while MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode methods were additionally applied to evaluate potential relationships between prostatitis… More >

Yun-Jae Ahn^1,2,3, Moon-Seok Kang², Ki-Byung Lim^2,3,4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.078884 - 28 April 2026

Abstract Artificial polyploidy induction is widely used in ornamental breeding but can yield aneuploidy derivatives that vary in developmental stability and breeding utility. In Hibiscus syriacus ‘Blue Bird’, in vivo colchicine and oryzalin treatments generated regenerated shoots in which genome-size shifts were detected by flow cytometry; among the candidate lines, a subset reached flowering maturity and was characterized in detail. These flowering aneuploids displayed diverse floral alterations, including reduced corolla size, altered pigmentation, and partial conversion of stamens into petaloid organs. Flow cytometry and somatic chromosome counts indicated aneuploid status (150–182 chromosomes). Pollen morphology was highly variable, with… More >

Ana Luisa Arantes Chaves^1,*, Marco Tulio Mendes Ferreira²

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.077185 - 31 March 2026

Abstract Holocentric chromosomes, characterized by kinetochore activity distributed along almost their entire length, have attracted growing interest in cytogenetics and evolutionary biology, particularly because of their adaptive significance. This review provides a historical overview of research on holocentricity, from the earliest microscopic observations to recent advances made possible by modern molecular and cytogenetic techniques. We discuss the main hypotheses concerning the origin and evolution of holocentric chromosomes, emphasizing their multiple independent origins across diverse lineages, as well as the potential selective pressures underlying their maintenance and diversification. In addition, we examine the principal methods used for More >

Sophiette G. Hong^1,2, George F. Murphy², Christine G. Lian^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.073894 - 23 March 2026

Abstract Malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly aggressive skin cancer known for its rapid progression, potential for metastasis, and resistance to treatment. Despite advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapy, the prognosis for metastatic melanoma remains unfavorable. Recent research has shed light on the significance of epigenetic modifications in the pathogenesis of melanoma, revealing critical mechanisms of melanoma development and progression. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA and RNA modifications, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNA regulation, disrupt normal gene expression without modifying the DNA sequence, leading to cellular transformation, invasion, immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance. The reversible… More >

José Luis Rodríguez-Lorenzo¹, Bohuslav Janoušek¹, Emilio Cervantes^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.9, pp. 2649-2667, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.068936 - 30 September 2025

Abstract Grapevine is unique among crops because its domestication resulted not only in new morphological characteristics, but also in altered reproductive mechanisms. Viticulture involves a change from a dioecious to a hermaphroditic mating system, which makes the reproductive system more efficient. In consequence and the fact that it is one of the oldest and most economically important cultivated plants, Vitis vinifera could be defined as an over-domesticated species. Here we review some key aspects in viticulture. The main areas of interest have remained consistent throughout history, including the origin and characterisation of cultivars, resistance to environmental conditions,… More >

Kyung-Wan Baek^1,2,#, Jinkyung Cho^3,#, Ji Hyun Kim⁴, Ji-Seok Kim^1,2,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.8, pp. 1339-1362, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.064916 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects a significant fraction of the global population and is closely associated with elevated cardiovascular risk and poor clinical outcomes. Its pathophysiology entails complex molecular and cellular disturbances, including reduced nitric oxide bioavailability, persistent low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, altered mineral metabolism, genetic predispositions, and uremic toxin accumulation. As current pharmacological treatments provide only partial risk reduction, complementary approaches are imperative. Exercise training, both aerobic and resistance, has emerged as a potent non-pharmacological intervention targeting these underlying molecular pathways. Regular exercise can enhance nitric oxide signaling, improve antioxidant defenses, attenuate… More >