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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Cat-Inspired Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Bone Marrow Cancer Cells Detection

    R. Kavitha1,*, N. Viswanathan2

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 1305-1320, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.022816

    Abstract Bone marrow cancer is considered to be the most complex and dangerous disease which results due to an uncontrolled growth of white blood cells called leukocytes. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and Multiple Myeloma (MM) are considered to be important categories of bone cancers, which induces a larger number of cancer cells in the bone marrow, results in preventing the production of healthy blood cells. The advent of Artificial Intelligence, especially machine and deep learning, has expanded humanity’s capacity to analyze and detect these increasingly complex diseases. But, accurate detection of cancer cells and reducing the probability of false alarm rates… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Oxidative stress indicators in human and bottlenose dolphin leukocytes in response to a pro-inflammatory challenge

    TARYN E. SYMON1, RAMÓN GAXIOLA-ROBLES1,2, CLAUDIA J. HERNÁNDEZ-CAMACHO3, TANIA ZENTENO-SAVÍN1,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.45, No.6, pp. 1621-1630, 2021, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2021.016302

    Abstract Marine mammals undergo cycles of tissue ischemia and reperfusion during the dive response. Reperfusion injury can result in oxidative tissue damage and the activation of a pro-inflammatory immune response. The risk of oxidative damage is reduced by antioxidants. Our hypothesis is that the reported higher antioxidant defenses within marine mammal tissues provide additional protection in situations that produce oxidative stress, like inflammation, in comparison to terrestrial mammal tissues. Leukocytes were isolated from the whole blood of Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus gilli) and humans (Homo sapiens) and were exposed to lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 10 µg/mL) in vitro to simulate a pro-inflammatory… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Forces Required to Initiate Membrane Tether Extrusion from Cell Surface Depend on Cell Type But Not on the Surface Molecule

    Warren D. Marcus1,2, Rodger P. McEver3, Cheng Zhu1

    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.1, No.4, pp. 245-252, 2004, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2004.001.245

    Abstract When a cell adhered to another cell or substratum via surface proteins is forced to detach, lipid membrane tethers are often extruded from the cell surface before the protein bond dissociates. For example, during the inflammatory reaction leukocytes roll on the surface of activated endothelial cells. The rolling adhesion is mediated by interactions of selectins with their ligands, e.g., P-selectin glycoprotein ligand (PSGL)-1, which extrudes membrane tethers from the surfaces of both leukocytes and endothelial cells. Membrane tether extrusion has been suggested to regulate leukocyte rolling. Here we examine several factors that may affect forces required to initiate membrane tethers,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Melanoma Cell Extravasation under Flow Conditions Is Modulated by Leukocytes and Endogenously Produced Interleukin 8

    Cheng Dong1,2,3, Margaret J. Slattery2,3, Shile Liang3, Hsin-Hsin Peng2

    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.2, No.3, pp. 145-160, 2005, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2005.002.145

    Abstract Attachment of tumor cells to the endothelium (EC) under flow conditions is critical for the migration of tumor cells out of the vascular system to establish metastases. Innate immune system processes can potentially promote tumor progression through inflammation dependant mechanisms.\nobreakspace {} White blood cells, neutrophils (PMN) in particular, are being studied to better understand how the host immune system affects cancer cell adhesion and subsequent migration and metastasis. Melanoma cell interaction with the EC is distinct from PMN-EC adhesion in the circulation. We found PMN increased melanoma cell extravasation, which involved initial PMN tethering on the EC, subsequent PMN capture… More >

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