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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Comparative Evaluation of Flow Quantification across the Atrioventricular Valve in Patients with Functional Univentricular Heart after Fontan’s Surgery and Healthy Controls: Measurement by 4D Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Streamline Visualization

    Hoi Lam She*, Arno A.W. Roest, Emmeline E. Calkoen, Pieter J. van den Boogaard, Rob J. van der Geest, Mark G. Hazekamp§, Albert de Roos, Jos J.M. Westenberg

    Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.12, No.1, pp. 40-48, 2017

    Abstract Purpose. To evaluate the inflow pattern and flow quantification in patients with functional univentricular heart after Fontan’s operation using 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with streamline visualization when compared with the conventional 2D flow approach.
    Method. Seven patients with functional univentricular heart after Fontan’s operation and twenty-three healthy controls underwent 4D flow MRI. In two orthogonal two-chamber planes, streamline visualization was applied, and inflow angles with peak inflow velocity (PIV) were measured. Transatrioventricular flow quantification was assessed using conventional 2D multiplanar reformation (MPR) and 4D MPR tracking the annulus and perpendicular to the streamline inflow at PIV, and they… More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Comparison of Aortic Flow Patterns in Patients with and without Aortic Valve Disease: Hemodynamic Simulation Based on PC-MRI and CTA Data

    Lijian Xu1,2, Lekang Yin3, Fuyou Liang1,2,*

    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 71-72, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05741

    Abstract Recent studies have revealed that aortic valve diseases are associated with the increased incidence of the aortopathy development. However, the influence of aortic valve diseases on aortic hemodynamics remains unclear. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the hemodynamic differences in patients with and without aortic valve disease through patient-specific simulations performed on two aorta models (BAV with severe stenosis vs. normal tricuspid aortic valve (TAV)). Realistic geometries and boundary conditions were obtained from computed tomography angiography (CTA) and phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) measurements, respectively. In addition, 4D-MRI were performed to validate the numerical methods used to… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Multi-Scale Network with the Encoder-Decoder Structure for CMR Segmentation

    Chaoyang Xia1, Jing Peng1, Zongqing Ma2, Xiaojie Li1,*

    Journal of Information Hiding and Privacy Protection, Vol.1, No.3, pp. 109-117, 2019, DOI:10.32604/jihpp.2019.07198

    Abstract Cardiomyopathy is one of the most serious public health threats. The precise structural and functional cardiac measurement is an essential step for clinical diagnosis and follow-up treatment planning. Cardiologists are often required to draw endocardial and epicardial contours of the left ventricle (LV) manually in routine clinical diagnosis or treatment planning period. This task is time-consuming and error-prone. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a fully automated end-to-end semantic segmentation method on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging datasets. However, due to the low image quality and the deformation caused by heartbeat, there is no effective tool for fully automated end-to-end… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Stress-Based Plaque Vulnerability Index and Assessment for Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques Using Patient-Specific Vessel Material Properties

    Qingyu Wang1, Dalin Tang1,2,*, Gador Canton3, Zheyang Wu2, Thomas S. Hatsukami4, Kristen L. Billiar5, Chun Yuan6

    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.15, No.4, pp. 189-201, 2018, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2018.04572

    Abstract Cardiovascular diseases are closely linked to atherosclerotic plaque development and rupture. Assessment of plaque vulnerability is of fundamental significance to cardiovascular research and disease diagnosis, prevention, treatment and management. Magnetic resonance image (MRI) data of carotid atherosclerotic plaques from 8 patients (5 male, 3 female; age: 62-83, mean=71) were acquired at the University of Washington (UW), Seattle by the Vascular Imaging Laboratory (VIL) with written informed consent obtained. Patient-specific vessel material properties were quantified using Cine MRI data for modeling use. 3D thin-layer models were used to obtain plaque stress and strain for plaque assessment. A stress-based plaque vulnerability index… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Learning Based Brain Tumor Detection System

    Sultan Noman Qasem1,2, Amar Nazar3, Attia Qamar4, Shahaboddin Shamshirband5,6,*, Ahmad Karim4

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.59, No.3, pp. 713-727, 2019, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2019.05617

    Abstract Brain tumor is one of the most dangerous disease that causes due to uncontrollable and abnormal cell partition. In this paper, we have used MRI brain scan in comparison with CT brain scan as it is less harmful to detect brain tumor. We considered watershed segmentation technique for brain tumor detection. The proposed methodology is divided as follows: pre-processing, computing foreground applying watershed, extract and supply features to machine learning algorithms. Consequently, this study is tested on big data set of images and we achieved acceptable accuracy from K-NN classification algorithm in detection of brain tumor. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Boundary Element Method for an Inverse Problem in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Gradient Coils

    Liviu Marin1, Henry Power1, Richard W. Bowtell2, Clemente Cobos Sanchez2, Adib A. Becker1, Paul Glover2,Arthur Jones1

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 149-174, 2008, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2008.023.149

    Abstract We investigate the reconstruction of a divergence-free surface current distribution from knowledge of the magnetic flux density in a prescribed region of interest in the framework of static electromagnetism. This inverse problem is motivated by the design of gradient coils for use in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and is formulated using its corresponding integral representation according to potential theory. A novel boundary element method (BEM) which employs linear interpolation on quadratic surfaces and also satisfies the continuity equation for the current density, i.e. a divergence-free BEM, is presented. Since the discretised BEM system is ill-posed and hence the associated least-squares… More >

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