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  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Hysteresis-Loop Criticality in Disordered Ferromagnets–A Comprehensive Review of Computational Techniques

    Djordje Spasojević1,*, Sanja Janićević2, Svetislav Mijatović1, Bosiljka Tadić3,4

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.142, No.2, pp. 1021-1107, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.057884 - 27 January 2025

    Abstract Disordered ferromagnets with a domain structure that exhibit a hysteresis loop when driven by the external magnetic field are essential materials for modern technological applications. Therefore, the understanding and potential for controlling the hysteresis phenomenon in these materials, especially concerning the disorder-induced critical behavior on the hysteresis loop, have attracted significant experimental, theoretical, and numerical research efforts. We review the challenges of the numerical modeling of physical phenomena behind the hysteresis loop critical behavior in disordered ferromagnetic systems related to the non-equilibrium stochastic dynamics of domain walls driven by external fields. Specifically, using the extended… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Quantitative Effects of Velocity and Residual Pressure Level on Aerodynamic Noise of Ultra-High-Speed Maglev Trains

    Lanxi Zhang1, Yuming Peng1, Yudong Wu2,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 205-220, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.056516 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract The challenge of aerodynamic noise is a key obstacle in the advancement of low-pressure tube ultra-high-speed maglev transportation, demanding urgent resolution. This study utilizes a broadband noise source model to perform a quantitative analysis of the aerodynamic noise produced by ultra-high-speed maglev trains operating in low-pressure environments. Initially, an external flow field calculation model for the ultra-high-speed maglev train is presented. Subsequently, numerical simulations based on the broadband noise source model are used to examine the noise characteristics. The impact of the train speed and pressure level on noise generation is investigated accordingly. Subsequently, a… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Robust Backstepping Control of a Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle under Colored Noises

    Mehmet Karahan*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.82, No.1, pp. 777-798, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.059123 - 03 January 2025

    Abstract Advances in software and hardware technologies have facilitated the production of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Nowadays, people actively use quadrotor UAVs in essential missions such as search and rescue, counter-terrorism, firefighting, surveillance, and cargo transportation. While performing these tasks, quadrotors must operate in noisy environments. Therefore, a robust controller design that can control the altitude and attitude of the quadrotor in noisy environments is of great importance. Many researchers have focused only on white Gaussian noise in their studies, whereas researchers need to consider the effects of all colored noises during the operation of… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Aerodynamic Noise Distribution in Wind Turbines with Different Microporous Blade Tip Structures

    Baohua Li, Yi Ye, Yuanjun Dai*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.12, pp. 2809-2842, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.054011 - 23 December 2024

    Abstract A linear microporous blade tip structure is designed in order to reduce the aerodynamic noise of a wind turbine during operations. Various structures of such a kind are considered and the related aerodynamic noise is determined in the framework of large vortex simulation and acoustic array test methods. The findings demonstrate that various blade tip designs can enhance the vortex trajectory in the tip region and lessen the pressure differential between the blade’s upper and lower surfaces. In particular, the wind turbine’s maximum linear velocity at the blade tip can be increased by 10%–23% while More > Graphic Abstract

    Aerodynamic Noise Distribution in Wind Turbines with Different Microporous Blade Tip Structures

  • Open Access

    CORRECTION

    Correction: Noise-Filtering Enhanced Deep Cognitive Diagnosis Model for Latent Skill Discovering

    Jing Geng1,*, Huali Yang2, Shengze Hu3

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.39, No.5, pp. 985-986, 2024, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2024.059591 - 31 October 2024

    Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    High-Secured Image LSB Steganography Using AVL-Tree with Random RGB Channel Substitution

    Murad Njoum1,2,*, Rossilawati Sulaiman1, Zarina Shukur1, Faizan Qamar1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.1, pp. 183-211, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.050090 - 15 October 2024

    Abstract Random pixel selection is one of the image steganography methods that has achieved significant success in enhancing the robustness of hidden data. This property makes it difficult for steganalysts’ powerful data extraction tools to detect the hidden data and ensures high-quality stego image generation. However, using a seed key to generate non-repeated sequential numbers takes a long time because it requires specific mathematical equations. In addition, these numbers may cluster in certain ranges. The hidden data in these clustered pixels will reduce the image quality, which steganalysis tools can detect. Therefore, this paper proposes a… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    High-Order DG Schemes with Subcell Limiting Strategies for Simulations of Shocks, Vortices and Sound Waves in Materials Science Problems

    Zhenhua Jiang1,*, Xi Deng2,3, Xin Zhang1, Chao Yan1, Feng Xiao4, Jian Yu1

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.10, pp. 2183-2204, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.053231 - 23 September 2024

    Abstract Shock waves, characterized by abrupt changes in pressure, temperature, and density, play a significant role in various materials science processes involving fluids. These high-energy phenomena are utilized across multiple fields and applications to achieve unique material properties and facilitate advanced manufacturing techniques. Accurate simulations of these phenomena require numerical schemes that can represent shock waves without spurious oscillations and simultaneously capture acoustic waves for a wide range of wavelength scales. This work suggests a high-order discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method with a finite volume (FV) subcell limiting strategies to achieve better subcell resolution and lower numerical More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Fuzzy Machine Learning-Based Algorithms for Mapping Cumin and Fennel Spices Crop Fields Using Sentinel-2 Satellite Data

    Shilpa Suman1, Abhishek Rawat2,*, Anil Kumar3, S. K. Tiwari4

    Revue Internationale de Géomatique, Vol.33, pp. 363-381, 2024, DOI:10.32604/rig.2024.053981 - 18 September 2024

    Abstract In this study, the impact of the training sample selection method on the performance of fuzzy-based Possibilistic c-means (PCM) and Noise Clustering (NC) classifiers were examined and mapped the cumin and fennel rabi crop. Two training sample selection approaches that have been investigated in this study are “mean” and “individual sample as mean”. Both training sample techniques were applied to the PCM and NC classifiers to classify the two indices approach. Both approaches have been studied to decrease spectral information in temporal data processing. The Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index 2 (MSAVI-2) and Class-Based Sensor… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    YOLO-RLC: An Advanced Target-Detection Algorithm for Surface Defects of Printed Circuit Boards Based on YOLOv5

    Yuanyuan Wang1,2,*, Jialong Huang1, Md Sharid Kayes Dipu1, Hu Zhao3, Shangbing Gao1,2, Haiyan Zhang1,2, Pinrong Lv1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.3, pp. 4973-4995, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.055839 - 12 September 2024

    Abstract Printed circuit boards (PCBs) provide stable connections between electronic components. However, defective printed circuit boards may cause the entire equipment system to malfunction, resulting in incalculable losses. Therefore, it is crucial to detect defective printed circuit boards during the generation process. Traditional detection methods have low accuracy in detecting subtle defects in complex background environments. In order to improve the detection accuracy of surface defects on industrial printed circuit boards, this paper proposes a residual large kernel network based on YOLOv5 (You Only Look Once version 5) for PCBs surface defect detection, called YOLO-RLC (You… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Research on Restoration of Murals Based on Diffusion Model and Transformer

    Yaoyao Wang1, Mansheng Xiao1,*, Yuqing Hu2, Jin Yan1, Zeyu Zhu1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.3, pp. 4433-4449, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.053232 - 12 September 2024

    Abstract Due to the limitations of a priori knowledge and convolution operation, the existing image restoration techniques cannot be directly applied to the cultural relics mural restoration, in order to more accurately restore the original appearance of the cultural relics mural images, an image restoration based on the denoising diffusion probability model (Denoising Diffusion Probability Model (DDPM)) and the Transformer method. The process involves two steps: in the first step, the damaged mural image is firstly utilized as the condition to generate the noise image, using the time, condition and noise image patch as the inputs… More >

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