R. Kanthavel^1,*, R. Dhaya², Kanagaraj Venusamy³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.3, pp. 5783-5798, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.023745

Abstract Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease that is commonly observed in people around the world. Osteoarthritis commonly affects patients who are obese and those above the age of 60. A valid knee image was generated by Computed Tomography (CT). In this work, efficient segmentation of CT images using Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO) optimization is implemented. The initial stage employs, the CT image normalization and the normalized image is incited to image enhancement through histogram correlation. Consequently, the enhanced image is segmented by utilizing Niblack and Bernsen algorithm. The (EHO) optimized outcome is evaluated in More >

R. Kanthavel^1,*, R. Dhaya²

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.42, No.1, pp. 257-269, 2022, DOI:10.32604/csse.2022.021606

Abstract Osteoarthritis is the most common class of arthritis that involves tears down the soft cartilage between the joints of the knee. The regeneration of this cartilage tissue is not possible, and thus physicians typically suggest therapeutic measures to prevent further deterioration over time. Normally, bringing about joint replacement is a remedial course of action. Expose itself in joint pain recognized with a normal X-ray. Deep learning plays a vital role in predicting the early stages of osteoarthritis by using the MRI pictures of muscles of the knee muscle. It can be used to accurately measure… More >

Mohamed Yacin Sikkandar^1,*, S. Sabarunisha Begum², Abdulaziz A. Alkathiry³, Mashhor Shlwan N. Alotaibi¹, Md Dilsad Manzar⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.3, pp. 4279-4291, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020571

Abstract Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a degenerative knee joint disease caused by ‘wear and tear’ of ligaments between the femur and tibial bones. Clinically, KOA is classified into four grades ranging from 1 to 4 based on the degradation of the ligament in between these two bones and causes suffering from impaired movement. Identifying this space between bones through the anterior view of a knee X-ray image is solely subjective and challenging. Automatic classification of this process helps in the selection of suitable treatment processes and customized knee implants. In this research, a new automatic classification More >

Mai Ramadan Ibraheem¹, Jilan Adel², Alaa Eldin Balbaa³, Shaker El-Sappagh⁴, Tamer Abuhmed^5,*, Mohammed Elmogy⁶

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 393-409, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014446

Abstract Surface electromyogram (sEMG) processing and classification can assist neurophysiological standardization and evaluation and provide habitational detection. The timing of muscle activation is critical in determining various medical conditions when looking at sEMG signals. Understanding muscle activation timing allows identification of muscle locations and feature validation for precise modeling. This work aims to develop a predictive model to investigate and interpret Patellofemoral (PF) osteoarthritis based on features extracted from the sEMG signal using pattern classification. To this end, sEMG signals were acquired from five core muscles over about 200 reads from healthy adult patients while they… More >

Rafi Mazor^1,*, Meital Mazor², Ali E. Dabiri^2,3, Bhavesh Patel², Ghassan S. Kassab²

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.17, No.2, pp. 93-99, 2020, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.08267

Abstract Cryotherapy, or more commonly known as cold therapy, is the use of low temperatures in medical treatment. The most prominent use of cryotherapy is for cryosurgery where application of very low temperatures is used to ablate diseased tissue (e.g., most commonly in dermatology). Recent research, however, shows that low temperature may modulate collagen fibers beyond the already known effects of extreme cooling on joint pain relieve and inflammation. The goal of this brief review is to outline the known effects of extreme cooling on molecular, fiber and cell physiology and to leverage these properties in… More >

HILDA L. MONTRULL, NILDA Y. BRIZUELA, SILVIA L. DEMURTAS, LUIS SPITALE* , CARLOS I. MEIROVICH.

BIOCELL, Vol.29, No.2, pp. 163-167, 2005, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2005.29.163

Abstract Cartilage samples were taken from OA patients in order to describe and quantify pro-inflammatory mediators. Samples were cultured under aseptic conditions in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium at 37°C for 10 days. Control samples, taken from non-inflammatory cartilage, were cultured under the same conditions. The levels of NO^-₂ and NO^-₃ were measured in the supernatant using a spectrophotometric assay. The activity of MMP-1 was quantified by ELISA.
The concentration of NO^-_x was 47.3 ± 4.1 µM in the OA cartilague and 10.7 ± 1.8 µM in the controls. The average MMP-1 activity was 3,650 ± 387 ng/ml More >

Yao Guo¹, Yijiang Song², Yu Zhang¹, Li Yang^1,*

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.2, pp. 119-119, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.07134

Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA), with its high disability and mortality rate, is the most common arthritis throughout the world [1]. Exposure of articular cartilage to excessive mechanical stress is deeply involved in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) [2,3]. However, the mechanism of how mechanical stress causes cartilage degradation is not clear yet. Here we report that bioinformatics-based integrative analyses can assist in the study of mechanisms modulated by mechanical stress within OA pathology, and we reveal that B-cell Translocation Gene 2 (BTG2) can be a mechanosensitive gene involved in OA development. We obtained OA-associated differentially expressed genes… More >

Lianhong Pan¹, Li Yang^2,*

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.2, pp. 118-118, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.07133

Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint bone disease which always leads to the dysfunction and disability of arthritis. Synovial inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progress of OA which can secrete large amounts of inflammatory cytokines. There is an urgent need to find safe and effective drugs that can reduce the inflammation and regulate the pathogenesis of cytokines of the OA disease. Icariin, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, is the major pharmacological active component of herb Epimedium. This study we investigated the influence of icariin on the main cells in synovium-osteoarthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes… More >

Lucy Wanjiru Njunge¹, Andreanne Poppy Estania¹, Li Yang^1,*

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.2, pp. 94-94, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.07116

Abstract Mechanical stimulation contributes to the development, homeostasis, integrity and functionality of the articular cartilage by modulating several cellular activities including production and remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM), chondrocyte differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. On the other hand, abnormal mechanical strain play a critical role in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis by inducing ECM degradation and chondrocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, deleterious mechanical loading can also stimulates the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as interleukin 1β (IL-1β) that promote to cartilage degradation, chondrocyte hypertrophy and inflammation [1]. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK), a member of the hnRNP family, is implicated in… More >

Zongqiang GAO¹, Xiong GUO², Junchang CHEN¹, Chen DUAN²

BIOCELL, Vol.43, No.2, pp. 99-102, 2019, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2019.06520

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) on the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in chondrocytes isolated from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). The chondrocytes were collected from OA and KBD patients, and chondrocytes isolated from patients of accident injuries were used as the control. The chondrocytes were treated with HA at different doses. HSP70 expression in chondrocytes at both mRNA and protein levels was tested by PCR and Western blot analysis. Compared with control, both mRNA and protein levels of HSP70 were higher in chondrocytes More >