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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Characterization of Endophytic Microorganisms of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Potentials for Blast Disease Biocontrol and Plant Growth Promoting Agents

    Shugufta Parveen1, Fayaz A. Mohiddin2,*, M. Ashraf Bhat3, Zahoor Ahmed Baba4, Fehim Jeelani5, M. Anwar Bhat6, Sajad Un Nabi7, Burhan Hamid2, Saba Bandey8, Farhanaz Rasool9, Zakir Amin1, Ibrahim Al-Ashkar10,*, Muhammad Adnan11, Ayman El Sabagh12

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.11, pp. 3021-3041, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.030921

    Abstract One hundred twenty-five endophytic microorganisms were isolated from the roots, stems, and leaves of four prominent rice cultivars growing in temperate regions. Their potential to combat rice blast disease and promote plant growth was investigated. The dual culture tests highlighted the strong antagonistic activity of five fungal (ranging from 89%–70%) and five bacterial (72%–61%) endophytes. Subsequent examination focused on volatile compounds produced by selected isolates to counter the blast pathogen. Among these, the highest chitinase (13.76 µg mL−1) and siderophore (56.64%), was exhibited by Aspergillus flavus, and the highest HCN production was shown by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (36.15 µM mL−1). In… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Effect of Dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.) Intercropping with Different Plant Spacing on Blight and Growth of Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

    Peixin Li1,2,#, Hanbing Liu1,2,#, Yingtong Chen3, Xin Zhang1,2, Ning Cao1,2, Ying Sun1,2, Meimei Jia1,2, Mengran Wu1,2, Xuejiao Tong1,2, Xinmei Jiang1,2, Xihong Yu1,2,*,#, Yao Cheng1,2,*,#

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.8, pp. 2227-2244, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.027392

    Abstract Intercropping of crops that can secrete bacteriostatic active substances can not only inhibit the occurrence of disease but also have an important effect on plant growth. However, the effects of dandelion intercropping on pepper blight control and pepper growth remain unclear. In this study, the control effect of dandelion on pepper blight was studied by inoculating the pepper leaves with Phytophthora infestans, and it also discusses the correlation of the occurrence of pepper epidemic disease with the pepper canopy environment, soil environment, pepper photosynthesis, and yield index. The results showed that best plant distance for dandelion intercropping was 20 cm… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Salicylic Acid Application Mitigates Oxidative Damage and Improves the Growth Performance of Barley under Drought Stress

    Shah Mohammad Naimul Islam1, Niloy Paul1, Md. Mezanur Rahman2, Md. Ashraful Haque1, Md. Motiar Rohman3, Mohammad Golam Mostofa4,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1513-1537, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.025175

    Abstract Drought is a severe environmental constraint, causing a significant reduction in crop productivity across the world. Salicylic acid (SA) is an important plant growth regulator that helps plants cope with the adverse effects induced by various abiotic stresses. The current study investigated the potential effects of SA on drought tolerance efficacy in two barley (Hordeum vulgare) genotypes, namely BARI barley 5 and BARI barley 7. Ten-day-old barley seedlings were exposed to drought stress by maintaining 7.5% soil moisture content in the absence or presence of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mM SA. Drought exposure led to severe damage to both genotypes,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Role of foliar spray of plant growth regulators in improving photosynthetic pigments and metabolites in Plantago ovata (Psyllium) under salt stress–A field appraisal

    ABDUL SAMAD1, KANVAL SHAUKAT1,*, MAHMOOD-UR-REHMAN ANSARI2, MEREEN NIZAR1, NOREEN ZAHRA3, AMBREEN NAZ4, HAFIZ MUHAMMAD WALEED IQBAL5, ALI RAZA6, VLADAN PESIC7, IVICA DJALOVIC8

    BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.3, pp. 523-532, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.023704

    Abstract Salinity is one of the major abiotic factors that limit the growth and productivity of plants. Foliar application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) may help plants ameliorate the negative impacts of salinity. Thus, a field experiment was conducted at the Botanical Garden University of Balochistan, Quetta, to explore the potential role of PGRs, i.e., moringa leaf extract (MLE; 10%), proline (PRO; 1 µM), salicylic acid (SA; 250 µM), and thiourea (TU; 10 mM) in ameliorating the impacts of salinity (120 mM) on Plantago ovata, an important medicinal plant. Salinity hampered plant photosynthetic pigments and metabolites but elevated oxidative parameters. However,… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    The Role of Salicylic Acid Signal in Plant Growth, Development and Abiotic Stress

    Yulan Hu1, Lulu Zhi1, Ping Li1, John T. Hancock2, Xiangyang Hu1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2591-2605, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.023733

    Abstract In nature, plants are constantly affected by adverse conditions. Unlike animals, plants can resist these adverse stresses only by insisting on their original positions. Stress can be divided into biological stress and abiotic stress, abiotic stress directly affects the growth, development and yield of plants, it spans all developmental stages from seed germination to senescence. In order to adapt to changing environment, plants have evolved well-developed mechanisms that help to perceive the stress signals and enable optimal growth response. Salicylic acid (SA) is an important endogenous signal molecule in plants, which not only regulate some plant growth and development processes,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on growth and reactive oxygen metabolism of tomato fruits under low saline conditions

    WEI ZHOU, MENGMENG ZHANG, KEZHANG TAO, XIANCAN ZHU*

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.12, pp. 2575-2582, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.021910

    Abstract Land salinization is a major form of land degradation, which is not conducive to the growth and quality of fruits and vegetables. Plant salt tolerance can be enhanced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) or plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). This study examined the effects of inoculation with PGPR singly or in combination with AMF, on the growth and quality of tomato fruits under low saline conditions. Tomatoes were cultivated in a greenhouse with sterilized soil, inoculated with PGPR, AMF, or co-inoculated with PGPR and AMF, and NaCl solution (1%) was added to the soil. The results indicated that AMF + PGPR… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    N-Exponential Fertilization Could Affect the Growth and Nitrogen Accumulation of Metasequoia glyptostroboides Seedling in a Greenhouse Environment

    Jiasen Wu1, Genping Tong2, Rui Guo2, Zihao Ye1, Jin Jin1, Haiping Lin1,3,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.10, pp. 2211-2220, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021382

    Abstract Metasequoia glyptostroboides (M. glyptostroboides) is a unique plant species related to relic flora in China. It plays a positive role in afforestation and its long-term protection with high paleoclimate research value. However, due to the nutrients-supply deficiency, it is a big challenge to cultivate the high-quality seedlings of M. glyptostroboides. In this study, a pot experiment in a greenhouse environment was carried out to identify the effect of N-exponential fertilization on the growth and nutrient distribution of M. glyptostroboides seedling. The M. glyptostroboides rooted seedlings with 12-month growth were chosen. Different N fertilizer levels with conventional fertilization (CF: 5.0 g… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effects of Auxin at Different Concentrations on the Growth, Root Morphology and Cadmium Uptake of Maize (Zea mays L.)

    Lingyan Hu, Haiyan Chen, Guangqun Zhang, Zihao Yu, Kai Yan, Fangdong Zhan, Yongmei He*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.9, pp. 1933-1944, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.020041

    Abstract Indoleacetic acid (IAA) is an important regulator that plays a crucial role in plant growth and responses to abiotic stresses. In the present study, a sand cultivation experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of IAA at different concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2.5 mmol/L) on maize growth, root morphology, mineral elements (Ca, Mg) and Cd uptake under 20 mg/kg Cd stress. The results showed that 0.01 mmol/L is the optimal IAA concentration for enhancing the Cd tolerance of maize. Compared with the control treatment, 0.01 mmol/L IAA promoted maize growth, with significant increases in the height,… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Antagonistic Potential of Bacterial Species against Fungal Plant Pathogens (FPP) and Their Role in Plant Growth Promotion (PGP): A Review

    Amjad Ali1, Yasir Iftikhar2,*, Mustansar Mubeen2, Haider Ali3, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan2, Zohaib Asad4, Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye5, Malik Abdul Rehman6, Mazhar Abbas7, Muhammad Rafique8, Muhammad Usman Ghani9

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.9, pp. 1859-1877, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021734

    Abstract

    Since the 19th century to date, the fungal pathogens have been involved in causing devastating diseases in plants. All types of fungal pathogens have been observed in important agricultural crops that lead to significant pre and postharvest losses. The application of synthetic fungicide against the fungal plant pathogens (FPP) is a traditional management practice but at the same time these fungicides kill other beneficial microbes, insects, animal, and humans and are harmful to environment. The antagonistic microorganism such as bacteria are being used as an alternate strategy to control the FPP. These antagonistic species are cost-effective and eco-friendly in nature.… More > Graphic Abstract

    Antagonistic Potential of Bacterial Species against Fungal Plant Pathogens (FPP) and Their Role in Plant Growth Promotion (PGP): A Review

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of Paclobutrazol Application on Plant Growth and Flower Quality in Herbaceous Peony

    Yanqing Wu1,2, Jiao Liu1, Daqiu Zhao2, Jun Tao1,2,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.9, pp. 2017-2032, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.020643

    Abstract Herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is an important ornamental plant worldwide. In its natural state, P. lactiflora often manifests traits like rapidly elongating internodal growth, loose plant types, and soft inflorescence stems. However, very little has been known about the measures for controlling these traits. This study investigated the effect of applying paclobutrazol (PBZ) on the plant growth and flower quality in P. lactiflora. The results indicated that PBZ application reduced the plant height (8.05%), plant crown width (14.72%), and leaf area (10.90%), but increased the leaf thickness (18.18%) and stem diameter (over 11%) in P. lactiflora. Meanwhile, PBZ application… More >

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