Khairol Amali bin Ahmad¹, Mohammad Nazmul Hasan², Md. Sharif Hossen^2,*, Khaleel Ahmad³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 3075-3087, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014436

Abstract Pocket Switched Networks (PSN) represent a particular remittent network for direct communication between the handheld mobile devices. Compared to traditional networks, there is no stable topology structure for PSN where the nodes observe the mobility model of human society. It is a kind of Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) that gives a description to circulate information among the network nodes by the way of taking the benefit of transferring nodes from one area to another. Considering its inception, there are several schemes for message routing in the infrastructure-less environment in which human mobility is only the… More >

Mohammed Kaddi^1,*, Abdallah Banana², Mohammed Omari¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.2, pp. 1497-1510, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012116

Abstract Wireless sensor network (WSN) has been widely used due to its vast range of applications. The energy problem is one of the important problems influencing the complete application. Sensor nodes use very small batteries as a power source and replacing them is not an easy task. With this restriction, the sensor nodes must conserve their energy and extend the network lifetime as long as possible. Also, these limits motivate much of the research to suggest solutions in all layers of the protocol stack to save energy. So, energy management efficiency becomes a key requirement in… More >