Open Access

ARTICLE

Guidewire type and prior use affects ureteral stent insertion force

Jonathan Ewald¹, Herbert Hodgson¹, Jerry Thomas¹, Nazih Khater², Mohamed Keheila², Muhannad Alsyouf², Javier L. Arenas², Mohammad Hajiha², D. Duane Baldwin²

1 Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
2 Department of Urology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
Address correspondence to Dr. D. Duane Baldwin, Department of Urology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11234 Anderson Street, Room A560, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA

Canadian Journal of Urology 2020, 27(2), 10174-10180.

Abstract

Introduction: To improve the success rate and safety of ureteral stent insertion, we sought to identify the effect of guidewire type and prior use upon the force needed to advance a 6Fr ureteral stent over various guidewires.
Materials and methods: Two hundred forty stent insertion trials were performed in an ex vivo porcine urinary tract model. Ten trials were randomly performed over 12 new and 12 used guidewires. For each trial, the force required to advance a 6Fr Cook double-pigtail ureteral stent was recorded. Guidewires included the Olympus Glidewire, Cook Fixed Core, and Boston Scientific Amplatz Super Stiff, Sensor, ZIPwire, and Zebra wire.
Results: The mean force needed for stent advancement was the lowest for the new Glidewire (0.18N) and ZIPwire (0.22N), with no significant difference to each other (p = 0.90). The following new wires required increasingly higher stent insertion forces compared to the Glidewire: the Zebra (0.60N; p < 0.01), Fixed Core (1.25N; p < 0.01), Sensor (1.43N; p < 0.01), and Amplatz Super Stiff wires (2.03N; p < 0.01). There was no statistical difference between new and used Glidewires (0.18N versus 0.29N; p = 0.14) and Zebra wires (0.59N versus 0.60N; p = 0.88). All other used wires required a significantly greater advancement force than their new counterparts (p < 0.01).
Conclusions: For the same stent, the force required for stent advancement varies greatly between guidewire types. In addition, used guidewires typically required more force compared to new guidewires. In long or difficult cases, switching to a new wire may improve the ease of stent placement and reduce potential complications.

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