Open Access

ARTICLE

Aggravation of Cancer, Heart Diseases and Diabetes Subsequent to COVID-19 Lockdown via Mathematical Modeling

Fatma Nese Efil¹, Sania Qureshi^1,2,3, Nezihal Gokbulut^1,4, Kamyar Hosseini^1,3, Evren Hincal^1,4,*, Amanullah Soomro²

1 Near East University, Department of Mathematics, Nicosia, 99010, North Cyprus
2 Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Department of Basic Sciences and Related Studies, Jamshoro, 76090, Pakistan
3 Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box 13-5053, Beirut, Lebanon
4 Near East University, Mathematics Research Center, Nicosia, 99010, North Cyprus

* Corresponding Author: Evren Hincal. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Mathematical Aspects of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics-II)

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024, 140(1), 485-512. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2024.047907

Received 22 November 2023; Accepted 31 January 2024; Issue published 16 April 2024

Abstract

The global population has been and will continue to be severely impacted by the COVID-19 epidemic. The primary objective of this research is to demonstrate the future impact of COVID-19 on those who suffer from other fatal conditions such as cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. Here, using ordinary differential equations (ODEs), two mathematical models are developed to explain the association between COVID-19 and cancer and between COVID-19 and diabetes and heart disease. After that, we highlight the stability assessments that can be applied to these models. Sensitivity analysis is used to examine how changes in certain factors impact different aspects of disease. The sensitivity analysis showed that many people are still nervous about seeing a doctor due to COVID-19, which could result in a dramatic increase in the diagnosis of various ailments in the years to come. The correlation between diabetes and cardiovascular illness is also illustrated graphically. The effects of smoking and obesity are also found to be significant in disease compartments. Model fitting is also provided for interpreting the relationship between real data and the results of this work. Diabetic people, in particular, need to monitor their health conditions closely and practice heart health maintenance. People with heart diseases should undergo regular checks so that they can protect themselves from diabetes and take some precautions including suitable diets. The main purpose of this study is to emphasize the importance of regular checks, to warn people about the effects of COVID-19 (including avoiding healthcare centers and doctors because of the spread of infectious diseases) and to indicate the importance of family history of cancer, heart diseases and diabetes. The provision of the recommendations requires an increase in public consciousness.

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