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Plates, Beams and Shells Reinforced by CNTs or GPLs: A Review on Their Structural Behavior and Computational Methods

by Mohammad Javad Bayat1, Amin Kalhori2, Kamran Asemi1,*, Masoud Babaei3

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, 16511-53311, Iran
2 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, 19991-43344, Iran
3 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Eyvanekey, Semnan, 99888-35918, Iran

* Corresponding Author: Kamran Asemi. Email: email

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025, 142(2), 1351-1458. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2025.060222

Abstract

Since the initial observation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene platelets (GPLs) in the 1990 and 2000s, the demand for high-performance structural applications and multifunctional materials has driven significant interest in composite structures reinforced with GPLs and CNTs. Incorporating these nanofillers into matrix materials markedly enhances the mechanical properties of the structures. To further improve efficiency and functionality, functionally graded (FG) distributions of CNTs and GPLs have been proposed. This study presents an extensive review of computational approaches developed to predict the global behavior of composite structural components enhanced with CNT and GPL nanofillers. The analysis focuses on key structural elements, such as plate-type configurations, cylindrical and curved shells, and beams, emphasizing the computational techniques utilized to simulate their mechanical behavior. The utilization of three-dimensional elasticity theories and equivalent single-layer (ESL) frameworks, which are widely employed in the modeling and analysis of these composites, is comprehensively discussed. Additionally, the paper examines various mechanical performance aspects, including static, buckling, post-buckling, vibrational, and dynamic responses for the mentioned structures. The unique features of hybrid nanocomposites, combining CNTs and GPLs, are also analyzed. Furthermore, the study delves into the fabrication and processing techniques of these materials, with a particular focus on strategies to mitigate nanofiller agglomeration. The review extends to cover thermal and electrical properties, durability under environmental exposure, fatigue resistance, and vibration-damping characteristics. In conclusion, the paper underscores the necessity for ongoing advancements in computational modeling to facilitate improved design, analysis, and optimization of nanocomposite structures. Future research opportunities in this rapidly advancing domain are also outlined.

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Cite This Article

APA Style
Bayat, M.J., Kalhori, A., Asemi, K., Babaei, M. (2025). Plates, beams and shells reinforced by cnts or gpls: A review on their structural behavior and computational methods. Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, 142(2), 1351–1458. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2025.060222
Vancouver Style
Bayat MJ, Kalhori A, Asemi K, Babaei M. Plates, beams and shells reinforced by cnts or gpls: A review on their structural behavior and computational methods. Comput Model Eng Sci. 2025;142(2):1351–1458. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2025.060222
IEEE Style
M. J. Bayat, A. Kalhori, K. Asemi, and M. Babaei, “Plates, Beams and Shells Reinforced by CNTs or GPLs: A Review on Their Structural Behavior and Computational Methods,” Comput. Model. Eng. Sci., vol. 142, no. 2, pp. 1351–1458, 2025. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2025.060222



cc Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Tech Science Press.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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