Open Access

ARTICLE

Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Multi Standard Wireless and Mobile Communication Systems

Ikhlas Ahmad¹, Haris Dildar¹, Wasi Ur Rehman Khan¹, Sadiq Ullah¹, Shakir Ullah¹, Mahmoud A. Albreem², Mohammed H. Alsharif³, Peerapong Uthansakul^4,*

1 Department of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
2 Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, A’Sharqiyah University, Ibra 400, Oman
3 Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
4 School of Telecommunication Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

* Corresponding Author: Peerapong Uthansakul. Email:

Computers, Materials & Continua 2021, 68(2), 2563-2578. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2021.016813

Received 10 January 2021; Accepted 12 February 2021; Issue published 13 April 2021

Abstract

In this paper, low profile frequency reconfigurable monopole antenna is designed on FR-4 substrate with a compact size of 30 mm³ × 20 mm³ × 1.6 mm³. The antenna is tuned to four different modes through three pin diode switches. In Mode 1 (SW1 to SW3 = OFF), antenna covers a wideband of 3.15–8.51 GHz. For Mode 2 (SW1 = ON, SW2 to SW3 = OFF), the proposed antenna resonates at 3.5 GHz. The antenna shows dual band behavior and covers 2.6 and 6.4 GHz in Mode 3 (SW1 and SW2 = ON, SW3 = OFF). The same antenna covers three different bands of 2.1, 5 and 6.4 GHz when operating in Mode 4 (SW1 to SW3 = ON). The proposed antenna has good radiation efficiency ranges from 70%∼84%, providing adequate average gain of 2.05 dBi in mode 1, 1.87 dBi in mode 2, 1.4–1.75 dBi in mode 3 and 1.05–1.56 dBi in mode 4. The achieved impedance bandwidths at respective frequencies ranges from 240 to 5000 MHz. The Voltage Standing Waves Ratio (VSWR) of less than 1.5 is achieved for all operating bands. To validate the simulation results, the proposed antenna is fabricated and experimentally tested in antenna measurement laboratory. Due to its reasonably small size and support of multiple bands operation, the proposed antenna can be used in modern communication systems for supporting various applications such as fifth generation (5G) mobile and wireless local area networks (WLAN).

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