Open Access

ARTICLE

Real-Time and Energy-Aware UAV Routing: A Scalable DAR Approach for Future 6G Systems

Khadija Slimani^1,2,*, Samira Khoulji², Hamed Taherdoost^3,4, Mohamed Larbi Kerkeb⁵

1 EsieaLab LDR, Higher School of Computer Science, Electronics and Automation (ESIEA), Paris, 75005, France
2 ISI Laboratory, National School of Applied Sciences (ENSA), Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, 93000, Morocco
3 School of Arts, Science, and Technology, University Canada West, Vancouver, BC V6B 1V9, Canada
4 GUS Institute, Global University Systems, London, EC1N 2LX, UK
5 Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, 14000, Morocco

* Corresponding Author: Khadija Slimani. Email:

Computers, Materials & Continua 2025, 85(3), 4667-4686. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2025.070173

Received 10 July 2025; Accepted 08 September 2025; Issue published 23 October 2025

Abstract

The integration of the dynamic adaptive routing (DAR) algorithm in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks offers a significant advancement in addressing the challenges posed by next-generation communication systems like 6G. DAR’s innovative framework incorporates real-time path adjustments, energy-aware routing, and predictive models, optimizing reliability, latency, and energy efficiency in UAV operations. This study demonstrated DAR’s superior performance in dynamic, large-scale environments, proving its adaptability and scalability for real-time applications. As 6G networks evolve, challenges such as bandwidth demands, global spectrum management, security vulnerabilities, and financial feasibility become prominent. DAR aligns with these demands by offering robust solutions that enhance data transmission while ensuring network reliability. However, obstacles like global route optimization and signal interference in urban areas necessitate further refinement. Future directions should explore hybrid approaches, the integration of machine learning, and comprehensive real-world testing to maximize DAR’s capabilities. The findings underscore DAR’s pivotal role in enabling efficient and sustainable UAV communication systems, contributing to the broader landscape of wireless technology and laying a foundation for the seamless transition to 6G networks.

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Keywords

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