Open Access

ARTICLE

Parameter Optimization Strategy for VSC-HVDC Low-Voltage Ride-Through Considering Short-CIRCUIT Current and System Stability

Zimin Zhu^*, Yu Duan, Jian Ma, Xiaoyun Wang, Xiaoyu Deng, Xiaofang Wu
State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Co., Ltd. Research Institute, Urumqi, China
* Corresponding Author: Zimin Zhu. Email:
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Trends of Offshore Wind Technologies: Support Structure Design, Health monitoring, HVDC transmission, Control and Optimization)

Energy Engineering https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2026.072166

Received 20 August 2025; Accepted 03 November 2025; Published online 10 March 2026

Abstract

When the converter bus voltage of a voltage source converter-based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) system drops below a certain predetermined threshold, the system enters low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) mode to avoid overcurrent and potential equipment failure, during which it operates as a controlled current source. The influence mechanism of LVRT control strategies on short-circuit current and overall system stability remains not yet fully and systematically investigated. First, this paper provides an overview of several LVRT strategies for VSC-HVDC systems and examines their effects on short-circuit current contribution. Next, it analyzes in detail the mechanisms through which active and reactive currents injected during LVRT impact system frequency stability, voltage stability, and synchronization stability. To address these interrelated issues, an optimized and comprehensive LVRT strategy incorporating short-circuit current constraints is proposed. The approach determines the active current ratio based on system frequency stability requirements and dynamically adjusts the active current recovery rate via phase control of the VSC-HVDC bus. The remaining capacity is allocated to reactive current support, thereby enhancing voltage and synchronization stability while maintaining sufficient short-circuit current margin and system frequency stability. Finally, simulations conducted on the PSS/E platform, using actual grid data from a selected cross-section system, validate convincingly the effectiveness of the proposed parameter optimization strategy for VSC-HVDC low-voltage ride-through.

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Keywords

Short-circuit current; VSC-HVDC systems; LVRT; voltage stability; frequency stability; synchronization stability

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