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Novel Low-Carbon Optimal Operation Method for Flexible Distribution Network Based on Carbon Emission Flow

by Chao Gao1, Kai Niu2,*, Wenjing Chen3, Changwei Wang1, Yabin Chen1, Rui Qu2

1 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Construction Promotion Office of Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510030, China
2 School of Electrical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
3 School of Electrical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China

* Corresponding Author: Kai Niu. Email: email

Energy Engineering 2025, 122(2), 785-803. https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2024.058705

Abstract

With the widespread implementation of distributed generation (DG) and the integration of soft open point (SOP) into the distribution network (DN), the latter is steadily transitioning into a flexible distribution network (FDN), the calculation of carbon flow distribution in FDN is more difficult. To this end, this study constructs a model for low-carbon optimal operations within the FDN on the basis of enhanced carbon emission flow (CEF). First, the carbon emission characteristics of FDNs are scrutinized and an improved method for calculating carbon flow within these networks is proposed. Subsequently, a model for optimizing low-carbon operations within FDNs is formulated based on the refined CEF, which merges the specificities of DG and intelligent SOP. Finally, this model is scrutinized using an upgraded IEEE 33-node distribution system, a comparative analysis of the cases reveals that when DG and SOP are operated in a coordinated manner in the FDN, with the cost of electricity generation was reduced by 40.63 percent and the cost of carbon emissions by 10.18 percent. The findings indicate that the judicious optimization of areas exhibiting higher carbon flow rates can effectively enhance the economic efficiency of DN operations and curtail the carbon emissions of the overall network.

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APA Style
Gao, C., Niu, K., Chen, W., Wang, C., Chen, Y. et al. (2025). Novel low-carbon optimal operation method for flexible distribution network based on carbon emission flow. Energy Engineering, 122(2), 785–803. https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2024.058705
Vancouver Style
Gao C, Niu K, Chen W, Wang C, Chen Y, Qu R. Novel low-carbon optimal operation method for flexible distribution network based on carbon emission flow. Energ Eng. 2025;122(2):785–803. https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2024.058705
IEEE Style
C. Gao, K. Niu, W. Chen, C. Wang, Y. Chen, and R. Qu, “Novel Low-Carbon Optimal Operation Method for Flexible Distribution Network Based on Carbon Emission Flow,” Energ. Eng., vol. 122, no. 2, pp. 785–803, 2025. https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2024.058705



cc Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Tech Science Press.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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