Home / Journals / ENERGY / Vol.122, No.2, 2025
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  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Short-Term Wind Power Forecast Based on STL-IAOA-iTransformer Algorithm: A Case Study in Northwest China

    Zhaowei Yang1, Bo Yang2,*, Wenqi Liu1, Miwei Li2, Jiarong Wang2, Lin Jiang3, Yiyan Sang4, Zhenning Pan5
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 405-430, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.059515 - 31 January 2025
    (This article belongs to the Special Issue: AI-application in Wind Energy Development and Utilization)
    Abstract Accurate short-term wind power forecast technique plays a crucial role in maintaining the safety and economic efficiency of smart grids. Although numerous studies have employed various methods to forecast wind power, there remains a research gap in leveraging swarm intelligence algorithms to optimize the hyperparameters of the Transformer model for wind power prediction. To improve the accuracy of short-term wind power forecast, this paper proposes a hybrid short-term wind power forecast approach named STL-IAOA-iTransformer, which is based on seasonal and trend decomposition using LOESS (STL) and iTransformer model optimized by improved arithmetic optimization algorithm (IAOA).… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    REVIEW

    The Electric Vehicle Surge: Effective Solutions for Charging Challenges with Advanced Converter Technologies

    Rajanand Patnaik Narasipuram1,*, Md M. Pasha2, Saleha Tabassum3, Amit Singh Tandon4
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 431-469, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.055134 - 31 January 2025
    Abstract The global adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is on the rise due to their advanced features, with projections indicating they will soon dominate the private vehicle market. However, improper management of EV charging can lead to significant issues. This paper reviews the development of high-power, reliable charging solutions by examining the converter topologies used in rectifiers and converters that transfer electricity from the grid to EV batteries. It covers technical details, ongoing developments, and challenges related to these topologies and control strategies. The integration of rapid charging stations has introduced various Power Quality (PQ) issues,… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    A Novel Control Strategy Based on -VSG for Inter-Face Converter in Hybrid Microgrid

    Kai Shi, Dongyang Yang*
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 471-492, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.059651 - 31 January 2025
    Abstract The rapid development of new energy power generation technology and the transformation of power electronics in the core equipment of source-grid-load drives the power system towards the “double-high” development pattern of “high proportion of renewable energy” and “high proportion of power electronic equipment”. To enhance the transient performance of AC/DC hybrid microgrid (HMG) in the context of “double-high,” a type virtual synchronous generator (-VSG) control strategy is applied to bidirectional interface converter (BIC) to address the issues of lacking inertia and poor disturbance immunity caused by the high penetration rate of power electronic equipment and… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Influences of Financial Development and Energy Price on Renewable Energy: An Italian Case

    Asif Raihan1,*, Mohammad Ridwan2, Mahdi Salehi3, Grzegorz Zimon4,*
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 493-514, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.059016 - 31 January 2025
    Abstract Global climate change has created substantial difficulties in the areas of sustainability, development, and environmental conservation due to the widespread dependence on fossil fuels for energy production. Nevertheless, the promotion of renewable energy programs has the potential to significantly expedite endeavors aimed at tackling climate change. Thus, it is essential to conduct a thorough analysis that considers the financial aspects to fully understand the main hurdles that are preventing the advancement of renewable energy initiatives. Italy is a leading country in the worldwide deployment of renewable energy. The objective of this research is to assess… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    CRITIC-CoCoSo Model Application in Hybrid Solar-Wind Energy Plant Location Selection Problem: A Case Study in Vietnam

    Viet Tinh Nguyen, Rujira Chaysiri*
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 515-536, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.057786 - 31 January 2025
    Abstract This paper presents a novel multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model for selecting optimal locations for a solar-wind hybrid energy plant in Vietnam. The study employs the Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) and Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) methods to address the challenge of evaluating potential sites based on a range of economic, technical, environmental, and social criteria. By integrating CRITIC for criteria weighting and CoCoSo for ranking alternatives, the study underscores the importance of objective, data-driven approaches in the strategic planning and implementation of sustainable energy projects. The results identify Ham Thuan Nam District in Binh More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Study on the Fluid-Solid Coupling Seepage of the Deep Tight Reservoir Based on 3D Digital Core Modeling

    Haijun Yang1,2,*, Zhenzhong Cai1,2, Hui Zhang1,2, Chong Sun1,2, Jing Li3,*, Xiaoyu Meng3, Chen Liu4, Chengqiang Yang3
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 537-560, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.058747 - 31 January 2025
    Abstract Deep tight reservoirs exhibit complex stress and seepage fields due to varying pore structures, thus the seepage characteristics are significant for enhancing oil production. This study conducted triaxial compression and permeability tests to investigate the mechanical and seepage properties of tight sandstone. A digital core of tight sandstone was built using Computed Tomography (CT) scanning, which was divided into matrix and pore phases by a pore equivalent diameter threshold. A fluid-solid coupling model was established to investigate the seepage characteristics at micro-scale. The results showed that increasing the confining pressure decreased porosity, permeability, and flow More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Design and Economic Evaluation of Grid-Connected PV Water Pumping Systems for Various Head Locations

    Moien A. Omar*
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 561-576, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.059352 - 31 January 2025
    Abstract This research investigates the design and optimization of a photovoltaic (PV) water pumping system to address seasonal water demands across five locations with varying elevation heads. The system draws water from a deep well with a static water level of 30 m and a dynamic level of 50 m, serving agricultural and livestock needs. The objective of this study is to accurately size a PV system that balances energy generation and demand while minimizing grid dependency. Meanwhile, the study presents a comprehensive methodology to calculate flow rates, pumping power, daily energy consumption, and system capacity.… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Analysis of Renewable Energy Absorption and Economic Feasibility in Multi-Energy Complementary Systems under Spot Market Conditions

    Xiuyun Wang, Zipeng Zhang, Chuang Liu*, Guoliang Bian
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 577-619, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.056748 - 31 January 2025
    Abstract As the power system transitions to a new green and low-carbon paradigm, the penetration of renewable energy in China’s power system is gradually increasing. However, the variability and uncertainty of renewable energy output limit its profitability in the electricity market and hinder its market-based integration. This paper first constructs a wind-solar-thermal multi-energy complementary system, analyzes its external game relationships, and develops a bi-level market optimization model. Then, it considers the contribution levels of internal participants to establish a comprehensive internal distribution evaluation index system. Finally, simulation studies using the IEEE 30-bus system demonstrate that the More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Value Assessment Method for the Grid-Alternative Energy Storage Based on Coordinated Planning Framework

    Bingqing Wu1, Yunli Yue1, Yi Zhou1, Hengyu Zhou2, Haowen Guan1, Zhenjiang Shi1, Zili Chen2,*, Zhaoyuan Wu2
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 621-649, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.056335 - 31 January 2025
    Abstract As the development of new power systems accelerates and the impacts of high renewable energy integration and extreme weather intensify, grid-alternative energy storage is garnering increasing attention for its grid-interaction benefits and clear business models. Consequently, assessing the value of grid-alternative energy storage in the system transition has become critically important. Considering the performance characteristics of storage, we propose a value assessment frame-work for grid-alternative energy storage, quantifying its non-wires-alternative effects from both cost and benefit perspectives. Building on this, we developed a collaborative planning model for energy storage and transmission grids, aimed at maximizing… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Improve Strategy for Transient Power Angle Stability Control of VSG Combining Frequency Difference Feedback and Virtual Impedance

    Dianlang Wang1, Qi Yin1, Haifeng Wang1, Jing Chen1, Hong Miao2, Yihan Chen2,*
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 651-666, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.057670 - 31 January 2025
    Abstract As the penetration rate of distributed energy increases, the transient power angle stability problem of the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) has gradually become prominent. In view of the situation that the grid impedance ratio (R/X) is high and affects the transient power angle stability of VSG, this paper proposes a VSG transient power angle stability control strategy based on the combination of frequency difference feedback and virtual impedance. To improve the transient power angle stability of the VSG, a virtual impedance is adopted in the voltage loop to adjust the impedance ratio R/X; and the… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Multi-Scenario Probabilistic Load Flow Calculation Considering Wind Speed Correlation

    Xueqian Wang*, Hongsheng Su
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 667-680, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.058102 - 31 January 2025
    Abstract As the proportion of new energy increases, the traditional cumulant method (CM) produces significant errors when performing probabilistic load flow (PLF) calculations with large-scale wind power integrated. Considering the wind speed correlation, a multi-scenario PLF calculation method that combines random sampling and segmented discrete wind farm power was proposed. Firstly, based on constructing discrete scenes of wind farms, the Nataf transform is used to handle the correlation between wind speeds. Then, the random sampling method determines the output probability of discrete wind power scenarios when wind speed exhibits correlation. Finally, the PLF calculation results of More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Two-Stage Scheduling Model for Flexible Resources in Active Distribution Networks Based on Probabilistic Risk Perception

    Yukai Li1,*, Ruixue Zhang1, Yongfeng Ni1, Hongkai Qiu1, Yuning Zhang2, Chunming Liu2
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 681-707, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.058981 - 31 January 2025
    Abstract Aiming at the problems of increasing uncertainty of low-carbon generation energy in active distribution network (ADN) and the difficulty of security assessment of distribution network, this paper proposes a two-phase scheduling model for flexible resources in ADN based on probabilistic risk perception. First, a full-cycle probabilistic trend sequence is constructed based on the source-load historical data, and in the day-ahead scheduling phase, the response interval of the flexibility resources on the load and storage side is optimized based on the probabilistic trend, with the probability of the security boundary as the security constraint, and with… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    A Power Battery Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Long-Short Term Memory-Back Propagation

    Yuheng Yin, Jiahao Song*, Minghui Yang
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 709-731, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.059021 - 31 January 2025
    (This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advanced Modelling, Operation, Management and Diagnosis of Lithium Batteries)
    Abstract The lithium battery is an essential component of electric cars; prompt and accurate problem detection is vital in guaranteeing electric cars’ safe and dependable functioning and addressing the limitations of Back Propagation (BP) neural networks in terms of vanishing gradients and inability to effectively capture dependencies in time series, and the limitations of Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) neural network models in terms of risk of overfitting. A method based on LSTM-BP is put forward for power battery fault diagnosis to improve the accuracy of lithium battery fault diagnosis. First, a lithium battery model is constructed… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Design of Voltage Equalization Circuit and Control Method for Lithium-ion Battery Packs

    Qi Wang1,2,3, Lantian Ge1,*, Tianru Xie1, Yibo Huang1, Yandong Gu1, Tao Zhu1, Xuehua Gao1
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 733-746, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.059453 - 31 January 2025
    (This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advanced Modelling, Operation, Management and Diagnosis of Lithium Batteries)
    Abstract The active equalization of lithium-ion batteries involves transferring energy from high-voltage cells to low-voltage cells, ensuring consistent voltage levels across the battery pack and maintaining safety. This paper presents a voltage balancing circuit and control method. First, a single capacitor method is used to design the circuit topology for energy transfer. Next, real-time voltage detection and control are employed to balance energy between cells. Finally, simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, achieving balanced voltages of 3.97 V from initial voltages of 4.10, 3.97, and 3.90 V. The proposed circuit is More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Short-Term Photovoltaic Power Prediction Based on Multi-Stage Temporal Feature Learning

    Qiang Wang1, Hao Cheng2, Wenrui Zhang2,*, Guangxi Li3, Fan Xu2, Dianhao Chen4, Haixiang Zang4
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 747-764, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.059533 - 31 January 2025
    Abstract Harnessing solar power is essential for addressing the dual challenges of global warming and the depletion of traditional energy sources. However, the fluctuations and intermittency of photovoltaic (PV) power pose challenges for its extensive incorporation into power grids. Thus, enhancing the precision of PV power prediction is particularly important. Although existing studies have made progress in short-term prediction, issues persist, particularly in the underutilization of temporal features and the neglect of correlations between satellite cloud images and PV power data. These factors hinder improvements in PV power prediction performance. To overcome these challenges, this paper… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Doubly-Fed Pumped Storage Units Participation in Frequency Regulation Control Strategy for New Energy Power Systems Based on Model Predictive Control

    Yuanxiang Luo*, Linshu Cai, Nan Zhang
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 765-783, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.058426 - 31 January 2025
    Abstract Large-scale new energy grid connection leads to the weakening of the system frequency regulation capability, and the system frequency stability is facing unprecedented challenges. In order to solve rapid frequency fluctuation caused by new energy units, this paper proposes a new energy power system frequency regulation strategy with multiple units including the doubly-fed pumped storage unit (DFPSU). Firstly, based on the model predictive control (MPC) theory, the state space equations are established by considering the operating characteristics of the units and the dynamic behavior of the system; secondly, the proportional-differential control link is introduced to… More >

    Graphic Abstract

    Doubly-Fed Pumped Storage Units Participation in Frequency Regulation Control Strategy for New Energy Power Systems Based on Model Predictive Control

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Novel Low-Carbon Optimal Operation Method for Flexible Distribution Network Based on Carbon Emission Flow

    Chao Gao1, Kai Niu2,*, Wenjing Chen3, Changwei Wang1, Yabin Chen1, Rui Qu2
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 785-803, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.058705 - 31 January 2025
    Abstract With the widespread implementation of distributed generation (DG) and the integration of soft open point (SOP) into the distribution network (DN), the latter is steadily transitioning into a flexible distribution network (FDN), the calculation of carbon flow distribution in FDN is more difficult. To this end, this study constructs a model for low-carbon optimal operations within the FDN on the basis of enhanced carbon emission flow (CEF). First, the carbon emission characteristics of FDNs are scrutinized and an improved method for calculating carbon flow within these networks is proposed. Subsequently, a model for optimizing low-carbon… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Synchronization Characterization of DC Microgrid Converter Output Voltage and Improved Adaptive Synchronization Control Methods

    Wei Chen, Xin Gao*, Zhanhong Wei, Xusheng Yang, Zhao Li
    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 805-821, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.059779 - 31 January 2025
    (This article belongs to the Special Issue: Emerging Technologies for Future Smart Grids)
    Abstract This paper deeply introduces a brand-new research method for the synchronous characteristics of DC microgrid bus voltage and an improved synchronous control strategy. This method mainly targets the problem of bus voltage oscillation caused by the bifurcation behavior of DC microgrid converters. Firstly, the article elaborately establishes a mathematical model of a single distributed power source with hierarchical control. On this basis, a small-world network model that can better adapt to the topology structure of DC microgrids is further constructed. Then, a voltage synchronization analysis method based on the main stability function is proposed, and… More >

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