Open Access

ARTICLE

Security-Constrained Optimal Power Flow in Renewable Energy-Based Microgrids Using Line Outage Distribution Factor for Contingency Management

Luki Septya Mahendra¹, Rezi Delfianti^2,*, Karimatun Nisa¹, Sutedjo¹, Bima Mustaqim³, Catur Harsito⁴, Rafiel Carino Syahroni⁵

1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia
2 Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Airlangga University, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
3 Educational Technology, Postgraduate Universitas Negeri Medan, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan, 20221, Indonesia
4 Departement of Mechanical Computer Industrial Management Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
5 Departement of Mechanical Engineering, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung, 83347, Taiwan

* Corresponding Author: Rezi Delfianti. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Innovative Renewable Energy Systems for Carbon Neutrality: From Buildings to Large-Scale Integration)

Energy Engineering 2025, 122(7), 2695-2717. https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2025.063807

Received 24 January 2025; Accepted 18 April 2025; Issue published 27 June 2025

Abstract

Ensuring the reliability of power systems in microgrids is critical, particularly under contingency conditions that can disrupt power flow and system stability. This study investigates the application of Security-Constrained Optimal Power Flow (SCOPF) using the Line Outage Distribution Factor (LODF) to enhance resilience in a renewable energy-integrated microgrid. The research examines a 30-bus system with 14 generators and an 8669 MW load demand, optimizing both single-objective and multi-objective scenarios. The single-objective optimization achieves a total generation cost of $47,738, while the multi-objective approach reduces costs to $47,614 and minimizes battery power output to 165.02 kW. Under contingency conditions, failures in transmission lines 1, 22, and 35 lead to complete power loss in those lines, requiring a redistribution strategy. Implementing SCOPF mitigates these disruptions by adjusting power flows, ensuring no line exceeds its capacity. Specifically, in contingency 1, power in channel 4 is reduced from 59 to 32 kW, while overall load shedding is minimized to 0.278 MW. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of SCOPF in maintaining stability and reducing economic losses. Unlike prior studies, this work integrates LODF into SCOPF for large-scale microgrid applications, offering a computationally efficient contingency management framework that enhances grid resilience and supports renewable energy adoption.

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Keywords

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