Open Access

ARTICLE

A Non-Unit Protection Based on Propagation of Fault Traveling Wave for Transmission Line Connected to Wind Power Plant

Hao Wang^*, Wenyue Zhou, Yiping Luo

Power System Security and Operation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Research Institute, Chengdu, 610041, China

* Corresponding Author: Hao Wang. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Integrated Technology Development and Application of Wind Power Systems)

Energy Engineering 2025, 122(9), 3737-3752. https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2025.067938

Received 16 May 2025; Accepted 29 July 2025; Issue published 26 August 2025

Abstract

Currently, renewable energy has been broadly implemented across diverse sectors, particularly evidenced by its substantially higher integration levels in power systems. The large-scale integration of renewable energy resources introduces distinct fault characteristics into power grids, potentially rendering traditional line protection schemes inadequate for transmission lines interfacing with these sources. Therefore, it is imperative to study line protection methods unaffected by the integration of renewable energy resources. After analyzing the propagation process of the fault traveling wave along the transmission line, a non-unit protection based on traveling wave distance measurement is proposed. The core principle of the proposed method relies on measuring the temporal interval ΔT between detections of the first and second fault backward traveling waves at the measurement point. The Teager energy operator (TEO), which demonstrates advantages in highlighting step mutation characteristics, was employed to extract ΔT by processing the fault backward traveling wave signal detected at the measurement point. To evaluate the efficacy of the proposed protection method, various fault scenarios were simulated in the established PSCAD/EMTDC simulation system. Validation results confirm that the proposed non-unit protection can provide full-line protection coverage, enabling fast and reliable discrimination of internal and external faults with inherent immunity to renewable energy penetration.

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Keywords

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