Open Access

ARTICLE

Low-Carbon Economic Dispatch Strategy for Integrated Energy Systems with Blue and Green Hydrogen Coordination under GHCT and CET Mechanisms

Aidong Zeng^1,2,*, Zirui Wang¹, Jiawei Wang ³, Sipeng Hao^1,2, Mingshen Wang⁴

1 School of Electric Power Engineering, School of Shen Guorong, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211167, China
2 Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Smart Distribution Network, Nanjing, 211100, China
3 State Grid Huaian Power Supply Company, Huai’an, 223000, China
4 State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 210000, China

* Corresponding Author: Aidong Zeng. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Revolution in Energy Systems: Hydrogen and Beyond)

Energy Engineering 2025, 122(9), 3793-3816. https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2025.069410

Received 22 June 2025; Accepted 30 July 2025; Issue published 26 August 2025

Abstract

With the intensification of the energy crisis and the worsening greenhouse effect, the development of sustainable integrated energy systems (IES) has become a crucial direction for energy transition. In this context, this paper proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch strategy under the green hydrogen certificate trading (GHCT) and the ladder-type carbon emission trading (CET) mechanism, enabling the coordinated utilization of green and blue hydrogen. Specifically, a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEME) model that accounts for dynamic efficiency characteristics, and a steam methane reforming (SMR) model incorporating waste heat recovery, are developed. Based on these models, a hydrogen production–storage–utilization framework is established to enable the coordinated deployment of green and blue hydrogen. Furthermore, the gas turbine (GT) unit are retrofitted using oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture (OCC) technology, wherein the oxygen produced by PEME is employed to create an oxygen-enriched combustion environment. This approach reduces energy waste and facilitates low-carbon power generation. In addition, the GHCT mechanism is integrated into the system alongside the ladder-type CET mechanism, and their complementary effects are investigated. A comprehensive optimization model is then formulated to simultaneously achieve carbon reduction and economic efficiency across the system. Case study results show that the proposed strategy reduces wind curtailment by 7.77%, carbon emissions by 65.98%, and total cost by 12.57%. This study offers theoretical reference for the low-carbon, economic, and efficient operation of future energy systems.

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