Open Access

ARTICLE

Semi Analytical Solution of MHD and Heat Transfer of Couple Stress Fluid over a Stretching Sheet with Radiation in Porous Medium

Sara I. Abdelsalam^1,2,*, M. Khairy³, W. Abbas³, Ahmed M. Megahed⁴, M. S. Emam⁵
1 Basic Science, Faculty of Engineering, The British University in Egypt, Al-Shorouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
2 Instituto de Ciencias Matemáticas ICMAT, CSIC, UAM, UCM, UC3M, Madrid, 28049, Spain
3 Basic and Applied Science Department, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Cairo, 2033, Egypt
4 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
5 Engineering Physics and Mathematics Department, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University-Mataria Branch, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
* Corresponding Author: Sara I. Abdelsalam. Email:
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Computational Thermo-Fluids and Nanofluids)

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer https://doi.org/10.32604/fhmt.2025.069711

Received 29 June 2025; Accepted 03 September 2025; Published online 15 October 2025

Abstract

This comprehensive research examines the dynamics of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow and heat transfer within a couple stress fluid. The investigation specifically focuses on the fluid’s behavior over a vertical stretching sheet embedded within a porous medium, providing valuable insights into the complex interactions between fluid mechanics, thermal transport, and magnetic fields. This study accounts for the significant impact of heat generation and thermal radiation, crucial factors for enhancing heat transfer efficiency in various industrial and technological contexts. The research employs mathematical techniques to simplify complex partial differential equations (PDEs) governing fluid flow and heat transfer. Specifically, suitable similarity transformations are applied to convert the PDEs into a more manageable system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The homotopy perturbation method (HPM) is employed to derive approximate analytical solutions for the problem. The influences of key parameters, such as magnetic field strength, heat generation, thermal radiation, porosity, and couple stress, on velocity and temperature profiles are analyzed and discussed. Findings indicate that the mixed convection parameter positively affects flow velocity, while the magnetic field parameter significantly alters the flow dynamics, exhibiting an inverse relationship. Further, this type of flow behavior model is relevant to real-world systems like cooling of nuclear reactors and oil extraction through porous formations, where magnetic and thermal effects are significant.

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Keywords

Couple stress fluid; HPM; MHD; non-newtonian fluid; heat transfer; stretched sheet; thermal radiation

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