Open Access

ARTICLE

Characteristics of Heat Transfer in a Reactive Third-Grade Fluid Flow through Porous Plates with Uniform Suction/Injection

Rajiva Lochan Mohanty, Sumanta Chaudhuri^*, Anish Pandey

School of Mechanical Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India

* Corresponding Author: Sumanta Chaudhuri. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Heat and Mass Transfer Applications in Engineering and Biomedical Systems: New Developments)

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer 2025, 23(3), 899-919. https://doi.org/10.32604/fhmt.2025.064444

Received 16 February 2025; Accepted 09 May 2025; Issue published 30 June 2025

Abstract

Characteristics of heat transfer and flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids through porous walls and in porous media are studied due to their wide range of applications including geothermal reservoirs, heat exchangers, marine propulsion, and aerodynamics. The current study investigates the characteristics of heat transport in a reactive third-grade fluid, moving through permeable parallel plates, with uniform suction/injection velocity. The two permeable, parallel plates are maintained at the same, constant temperature. After being transformed into its dimensionless equivalent, governing equations are solved by employing the Least Squares Method (LSM). The LSM results are further validated with numerical solutions for temperature and velocity. The impact of cross-flow Reynolds number, Peclet number, heat generation parameter, non-Newtonian parameter, and Brinkman number on entropy generation, velocity, temperature, and Bejan number are investigated. The results indicate that temperature distribution is significantly influenced by the third-grade fluid parameter. The maximum temperature drops from almost 0.12 to 0.10 as the third-grade fluid parameter increases from 0.05 to 0.4. When the cross-flow Reynolds number is raised from 0.05 to 3, the maximum temperature drops from 0.12 to around 0.09. Temperature is strongly influenced by the heat generation parameter. A greater understanding of the thermal characteristics necessary for the design of a variety of systems, such as heat exchangers, marine propulsion, aerodynamic systems, etc., may be gained from the findings of the current study.

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