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Nano-CaO2 Promotes the Release of Carbon Sources from Municipal Sludge and the Preparation of Double-Network Hydrogels with High Swelling Ratios

Yalin Li1,2,*, Yu Huang2, Lei Liu1, Haozhao Liu1, Haiyang He1, Dongxue Lu1, Tingting Dong1

1 School of College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou, 451191, China
2 School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China

* Corresponding Author: Yalin Li. Email: email

Journal of Renewable Materials 2023, 11(3), 1237-1253. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2022.022972

Abstract

In this study, hydrogels were prepared from municipal sludge to recycle and realize the value-added utilization of the carbon components in this abundant waste material. The carbon sources were extracted from the municipal sludge using synthesised nano CaO2 as an oxidant, and the carbon sources were graft copolymerised with acrylic acid monomer using N, N′-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinking agent and ammonium persulfate as an initiator. The factors influencing the hydrogel preparation were investigated by single-factor experiments. Based on the results of the single-factor experiments, a hydrogel with a swelling ratio of up to 19768.4% at 12 h was prepared with an oxidant dosage of 0.20 g, a monomer dosage of 5.8 g, a neutralisation degree of the monomer of 70%, an initiator dosage of 0.15 g, and a crosslinking agent dosage of 0.15 g. The hydrogel preparation conditions were optimized using the response surface method, and the interactions between the different reaction conditions were analysed to obtain the best preparation conditions. X-ray diffraction results showed that hydrogels were amorphous in structure. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the SiO2 particles from the sludge acted as crosslinking points between different layers of hydrogel chains. The crosslinking polymerisation and crosslinking agent worked together to form hydrogels with an inorganic-organic double network structure, and this structure was highly stretchable, resulting in hydrogels with good swelling properties.


Graphic Abstract

Nano-CaO<sub>2</sub> Promotes the Release of Carbon Sources from Municipal Sludge and the Preparation of Double-Network Hydrogels with High Swelling Ratios

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Cite This Article

APA Style
Li, Y., Huang, Y., Liu, L., Liu, H., He, H. et al. (2023). Nano-cao2 promotes the release of carbon sources from municipal sludge and the preparation of double-network hydrogels with high swelling ratios. Journal of Renewable Materials, 11(3), 1237-1253. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2022.022972
Vancouver Style
Li Y, Huang Y, Liu L, Liu H, He H, Lu D, et al. Nano-cao2 promotes the release of carbon sources from municipal sludge and the preparation of double-network hydrogels with high swelling ratios. J Renew Mater. 2023;11(3):1237-1253 https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2022.022972
IEEE Style
Y. Li et al., “Nano-CaO2 Promotes the Release of Carbon Sources from Municipal Sludge and the Preparation of Double-Network Hydrogels with High Swelling Ratios,” J. Renew. Mater., vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 1237-1253, 2023. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2022.022972



cc Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Tech Science Press.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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