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The Potential of Wacapou (Vouacapoua americana) Extracts to Develop New Biobased Protective Solutions for Low-Durability Wood Species

by Emma Kieny1,2,3, Kévin Candelier2,3,*, Louis Milhe1, Yannick Estevez4, Cyrielle Sophie4, Romain Lehnebach1, Jérémie Damay2,3, Daniela Florez1, Emeline Houël5, Marie-France Thévenon2,3, Julie Bossu4

1 CIRAD, Ecologie de Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), AgroparisTech, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Guyane, Kourou, 97379, France
2 CIRAD, UPR BioWooEB, Montpellier, F-34398, France
3 BioWooEB, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, F-34398, France
4 CNRS, Ecologie de Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), AgroparisTech, CIRAD, INRAE, Université de Guyane, Kourou, Guyane Française, 97379, France
5 Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes, LBBM, Observatoire Océanologique, Banyuls-sur-Mer, 66650, France

* Corresponding Author: Kévin Candelier. Email: email

Journal of Renewable Materials 2025, 13(1), 79-100. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2024.056731

Abstract

The valorization of Amazonian wood residues into active chemical compounds could be an eco-friendly, cost-effective and valuable way to develop wood preservative formulations to enhance the decay and termite resistance of low-durable wood species. Wacapou (Vouacapoua americana., Fabaceae) is a well-known Guianese wood species commonly used in local wood construction due to its outstanding natural durability, which results from the presence of a large panel of extractives compounds. In addition, its industrial processing generates large amounts of residues. Wacapou residues were extracted by maceration using four different solvents (water/ethanol, ethyl acetate, hexane and dichloromethane/methanol), separately and successively. The yield of each extractive fraction was determined, and their chemical compositions were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Ethyl acetate led to the highest extraction yield, and the active compounds were identified in the obtained extractive fraction. In this sense, the fungicidal and termite-repellent properties of these extractives were then tested using a screening laboratory (with temperate and tropical microorganisms), according to the solution concentration (1%, 2.5%, 5%, 8% and 10%). Finally, Virola michelii Heckel wood samples (low durable species) were impregnated with the 8% concentration solution. The impregnated wood samples were then exposed to a soil bed test. The results highlighted that the nature of the solvent used during wood maceration affects the content of the obtained extractive fractions. Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography–High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) analyses showed the influence of extraction parameters on the nature of the extracted molecules. Wacapou extracts (from ethyl acetate maceration) showed good anti-fungal and anti-termite activities. Additionally, the concentration in extractives had an impact on the anti-termite activity level for Reticulitermes flavipes and Cryptotermes sp. Formulations based on Wacapou extractives showed a good potential for valorization in eco-friendly preservatives, aiming to confer better durability to local low-durability wood species.

Graphic Abstract

The Potential of Wacapou (<i>Vouacapoua americana</i>) Extracts to Develop New Biobased Protective Solutions for Low-Durability Wood Species

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APA Style
Kieny, E., Candelier, K., Milhe, L., Estevez, Y., Sophie, C. et al. (2025). The potential of wacapou (vouacapoua americana) extracts to develop new biobased protective solutions for low-durability wood species. Journal of Renewable Materials, 13(1), 79–100. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2024.056731
Vancouver Style
Kieny E, Candelier K, Milhe L, Estevez Y, Sophie C, Lehnebach R, et al. The potential of wacapou (vouacapoua americana) extracts to develop new biobased protective solutions for low-durability wood species. J Renew Mater. 2025;13(1):79–100. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2024.056731
IEEE Style
E. Kieny et al., “The Potential of Wacapou (Vouacapoua americana) Extracts to Develop New Biobased Protective Solutions for Low-Durability Wood Species,” J. Renew. Mater., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 79–100, 2025. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2024.056731



cc Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Tech Science Press.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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