Submit

Login Login

Register Register

Home / Journals / OR / Online First / doi:10.32604/or.2026.075346
Journal Menu
Special Issues
Table of Content

All issues

Online First

2026

2025

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

2016

2015

Past Issues

Open Access

REVIEW

Long Non-Coding RNAs in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: From Resistance Mechanisms to Translational Potential

Thanh Hoa Vo1,2, Edel McNeela1,2, Orla O’Donnovan1,2, Jai Prakash Mehta3, Van Hoa Nguyen4, Sweta Rani1,2,*
1 Department of Science, South East Technological University, Waterford, Ireland
2 Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Waterford, Ireland
3 Department of Applied Science, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
4 Department of Radiotherapy, Da Nang Oncology Hospital, Da Nang, Vietnam
* Corresponding Author: Sweta Rani. Email: email
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Targeted and Precision Medicine in Breast Oncology)

Oncology Research https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2026.075346

Received 30 October 2025; Accepted 25 February 2026; Published online 12 March 2026

Abstract

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of drug resistance in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, a subtype in which both intrinsic and acquired resistance to HER2-targeted therapies remain major clinical challenges. Although mechanistic studies have begun to reveal how lncRNAs modulate signaling pathways, interact with microRNAs, and influence the tumor microenvironment, dedicated investigations in HER2-positive disease are still limited. This review synthesizes current evidence across epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional mechanisms of resistance, including competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks, RNA-binding protein interactions, and exosome-mediated intercellular communication. Particular emphasis is given to resistance-associated lncRNAs such as HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR), long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 969 (LINC00969), and growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5), which exemplify the diverse molecular strategies underlying therapy evasion. We further discuss the emerging translational potential of lncRNAs as liquid-biopsy biomarkers, therapeutic targets for antisense oligonucleotides or CRISPR-Cas13 platforms, and cargo for HER2-targeted exosome delivery. Integrating exosomal lncRNA profiling with circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) monitoring could enable earlier detection of resistance and inform adaptive treatment strategies. By combining mechanistic insight with translational outlook, this review positions lncRNAs as promising yet underexplored contributors to HER2-positive breast cancer drug resistance and outlines a roadmap for advancing their clinical utility. The aim of this review is to synthesize current evidence on lncRNA-mediated resistance mechanisms in HER2-positive breast cancer and to highlight translational opportunities for lncRNA-based biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.

Keywords

LncRNAs; human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer; drug resistance; exosomes; liquid biopsy; CRISPR–Cas13; biomarkers

  • 105

    View

  • 13

    Download

  • 0

    Like

Related articles
Copyright© 2026 Tech Science Press
© 1997-2026 TSP (Henderson, USA) unless otherwise stated

Share Link