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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Breeding among Hassawi Landrace and Egyptian Genotypes for Stem Borer (Chilo agamemnon Bles.) Resistance and Related Quantitative Traits

    Mohammed I. Al-Daej1, Mohamed M. El-Malky2, Muhammad N. Sattar3, Adel A. Rezk1,4, Muhammad N. Naqqash5, Jameel M. Al-Khayri1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.9, pp. 1905-1922, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.020629 - 13 May 2022

    Abstract Rice stem borer (Chilo agamemnon Bles.) is a primary insect pest of rice and is a major limiting factor to rice production. Breeding for insect-resistant crop varieties has been an economic way of integrated pest management (IPM) as it offers a viable and ecologically acceptable approach. This study was aimed to evaluate rice genotypes for their resistance against rice stem borer. Seven parental genotypes with twenty one F1 crosses were evaluated for genotypic variation in field experiments. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for the studied traits in almost all crosses and parents. In addition, the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Sources of Nitrogen in Combination with Systems of Irrigation Influence the Productivity of Modern Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars during Dry Season in Sub-Tropical Environment

    Uttam Kumer Sarker1, Md. Romij Uddin1,*, Ahmed Khairul Hasan1, Md. Abdur Rahman Sarkar1, Md. Abdus Salam1, Md. Alamgir Hossain2, Eldessoky S. Dessoky3, Ismail A. Ismail3

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.8, pp. 1687-1708, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.020645 - 14 April 2022

    Abstract In irrigated agricultural systems, nitrogen (N) and water are the vital resources for sustainability of the crop production in the modern era of climate change. The current study aimed to assess the impact of water and N management on the productivity of irrigated rice cultivars. In the context, a field observation was done at the research farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during dry seasons in consecutive two years (2018–2019 and 2019–2020). The experiments were set up following split-plot design assigning water management in the main plots, nitrogen management in the sub-plots, and the cultivars… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Microalgae Improve the Photosynthetic Performance of Rice Seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) under Physiological Conditions and Cadmium Stress

    Ekaterina Yotsova1, Martin Stefanov1, Georgi Rashkov1, Margarita Kouzmanova2, Anelia Dobrikova1, Emilia Apostolova1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.7, pp. 1365-1380, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.020566 - 14 March 2022

    Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris on the rice seedlings at physiological conditions and under cadmium (Cd) stress. We examined the effects of C. vulgaris in the nutrient solution on rice seedlings grown hydroponically in the presence and the absence of 150 μM CdCl2, using the low (77 K) temperature and pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) chlorophyll fluorescence, P700 photooxidation measurements, photochemical activities of both photosystems, kinetic parameters of oxygen evolution, oxidative stress markers (MDA, H2O2 and proline), pigment content, growth parameters and Cd accumulation. Data revealed that the application C. vulgarisMore >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Multi-Environmental Genetic Analysis of Grain Size Traits Based on Chromosome Segment Substitution Line in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

    Yujia Leng1,#, Shuilian Wang1,2,3,#, Ruoan Wang2,#, Tao Tao1, Shuwen Jia1,2, Tao Song2,3, Lina Xu1,2, Xiuling Cai1,2, Sukui Jin1,2,*, Jiping Gao1,2,4,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.5, pp. 943-958, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018707 - 24 January 2022

    Abstract Grain size traits are critical agronomic traits which directly determine grain yield, but the genetic bases of these traits are still not well understood. In this study, a total of 154 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) population derived from a cross between a japonica variety Koshihikari and an indica variety Nona Bokra was used to investigate grain length (GL), grain width (GW), length-width ratio (LWR), grain perimeter (GP), grain area (GA), and thousand grain weight (TGW) under four environments. QTL mapping analysis of six grain size traits was performed by QTL IciMapping 4.2 with an inclusive… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    OsMAPK6 Affects Male Fertility by Reducing Microspore Number and Delaying Tapetum Degradation in Oryza sativa L.

    Wuzhong Yin#, Hongxia Yang#, Yantong Wang, Ping Feng, Yao Deng, Yang Liu, Danyang Chen, Yijie Ban, Weichi Liu, Guanghua He*, Nan Wang*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 727-744, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017811 - 09 December 2021

    Abstract The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is important in stress signal transduction and plant development. In the present study, we identified a rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutant with reduced fertility, Oryza sativa mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (osmapk6), which harbored a mutated MAPK gene. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy, quantitative RT-PCR analysis, TUNEL assays, RNA in situ hybridization, longitudinal and transverse histological sectioning, and map-based cloning were performed to characterize the osmapk6 mutant. The gene OsMAPK6 was expressed throughout the plant but predominantly in the microspore mother cells, tapetal cells, and microspores in the anther sac. Compared with the More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Application of ferrous sulfate alleviates negative impact of cadmium in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

    JAVARIA AFZAL1,2,#, XIUKANG WANG3,*, MUHAMMAD HAMZAH SALEEM4,#, XUECHENG SUN1, SHAHID HUSSAIN5, IMRAN KHAN6, MUHAMMAD SHOAIB RANA1, SHAKEEL AHMED7, SAMRAH AFZAL AWAN6, SAJID FIAZ8, OMAR AZIZ9, KASHIF ALI KUBAR10, SHAFAQAT ALI11,12, CHENGXIAO HU1,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.45, No.6, pp. 1631-1649, 2021, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2021.014934 - 01 September 2021

    Abstract Soil contamination with toxic heavy metals [such as cadmium (Cd)] is becoming a serious global problem due to rapid development of social economy. Iron (Fe), being an important element, has been found effective in enhancing plant tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses. The present study investigated the extent to which different levels of Ferrous sulphate (FeSO4) modulated the Cd tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.), when maintained in artificially Cd spiked regimes. A pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions for 146 days, by using natural soil, mixed with different levels of CdCl2 [0 (no Cd), 0.5… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effects of Different Vermicompost Rates on Growth, 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Responses of Fragrant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Seedling

    Shaoyi Ruan1,2,3,#, Haowen Luo1,2,3,#, Xiaoyan Zeng1,2,3,#, Runhao Wen1,2,3, Feida Wu1,2,3, Xiangru Tang1,2.*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.4, pp. 1273-1283, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015610 - 27 April 2021

    Abstract Vermicompost is an organic fertilizer contains multiple nutrient elements. However, the application of vermicompost in fragrant rice production is rarely reported. In order to study the effects of vermicompost application on fragrant rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedling performances, present study was conducted with two fragrant rice cultivars and four vermicompost rate treatments (0 (CK), 2.5 (Wo1), 5.0 (Wo2) and 10.0 (Wo3) g kg−1 ). The results showed that vermicompost treatments significantly increased dry weight of fragrant rice seedling by 8.31–32.56% compared with CK. 21.10–59.13% higher net photosynthetic rates and 10.66–59.16% higher chlorophyll contents (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Characterization and Candidate Gene Analysis of the Yellow-Green Leaf Mutant ygl16 in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

    Linjun Cai1,#, Junhua Liu2,#, Han Yun1, Dan Du1, Xiaolong Zhong1, Zhenlin Yang1, Xianchun Sang1, Changwei Zhang1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.4, pp. 1103-1117, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015532 - 27 April 2021

    Abstract Leaf color mutants are ideal materials for studying many plant physiological and metabolic processes such as photosynthesis, photomorphogenesis, hormone physiology and disease resistance. In this study, the genetically stable yellow-green leaf mutant ygl16 was identified from mutated “Xinong 1B”. Compared with the wild type, the pigment concentration and photosynthetic capacity of the ygl16 decreased significantly. The ultrastructural observation showed that the distribution of thylakoid lamellae was irregular in ygl16 chloroplasts, and the grana and matrix lamellae were blurred and loose in varied degrees, and the chloroplast structure was disordered, while the osmiophilic corpuscles increased. The results of More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Phenotype Analysis and Fine Mapping of the Male Sterile Mutant ms10 in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

    Gang Wei#, Hongxia Yang#, Jingwen Wu, Zixian Xiong, Nan Wang*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.3, pp. 803-813, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.014505 - 30 March 2021

    Abstract There is a positive correlation between fertility and yield, and the decrease of fertility is bound to a greatly reduced crop yield. Male sterile mutants can be used in hybrid rice. Therefore, rice male sterility has an important value in research and application, and the study of related mutants is also very vital. The mutant ms10 (male sterile 10) reported in this study was induced by ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) in the indica maintainer line Xinong 1B. There was no significant difference between the ms10 and wild type in the vegetative growth stage. However, in the reproductive… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Biochar Application Enhanced Post-Heading Radiation Use Efficiency in Field-Grown Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

    Xiaohong Yin, Zui Tao, Jiana Chen, Fangbo Cao, Min Huang*, Yingbin Zou

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 415-422, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.08962 - 22 April 2020

    Abstract It has been shown that adding biochar to soil can improve nitrogen (N) uptake and utilization in rice (Oryza sativa L.). However, there is a lack of research on the physiological alterations of rice as a result of the changes in nitrogen uptake due to the addition of biochar. This study conducted field experiments in 2015 and 2016 with the goal of testing the hypothesis that the application of biochar would enhance radiation use efficiency (RUE) of rice by improving the plant’s ability to take in and utilize nitrogen. Our results demonstrated that the application of More >

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