Atif Raza Zaidi¹, Tahir Abbas^1,*, Ali Daud^2,*, Omar Alghushairy³, Hussain Dawood⁴, Nadeem Sarwar⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.2, pp. 3281-3304, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.063646 - 03 July 2025

Abstract Safeguarding against malware requires precise machine-learning algorithms to classify harmful apps. The Drebin dataset of 15,036 samples and 215 features yielded significant and reliable results for two hybrid models, CNN + XGBoost and KNN + XGBoost. To address the class imbalance issue, SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique) was used to preprocess the dataset, creating synthetic samples of the minority class (malware) to balance the training set. XGBoost was then used to choose the most essential features for separating malware from benign programs. The models were trained and tested using 6-fold cross-validation, measuring accuracy, precision, recall,… More >

Rahul Gupta¹, Kapil Sharma^1,*, R. K. Garg²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.3, pp. 4283-4301, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.046890 - 26 March 2024

Abstract The prevalence of smartphones is deeply embedded in modern society, impacting various aspects of our lives. Their versatility and functionalities have fundamentally changed how we communicate, work, seek entertainment, and access information. Among the many smartphones available, those operating on the Android platform dominate, being the most widely used type. This widespread adoption of the Android OS has significantly contributed to increased malware attacks targeting the Android ecosystem in recent years. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new methods for detecting Android malware. The literature contains numerous works related to Android malware detection.… More >

Jaiteg Singh¹, Tanya Gera¹, Farman Ali², Deepak Thakur¹, Karamjeet Singh³, Kyung-sup Kwak^4,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2655-2670, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014504 - 28 December 2020

Abstract Android has been dominating the smartphone market for more than a decade and has managed to capture 87.8% of the market share. Such popularity of Android has drawn the attention of cybercriminals and malware developers. The malicious applications can steal sensitive information like contacts, read personal messages, record calls, send messages to premium-rate numbers, cause financial loss, gain access to the gallery and can access the user’s geographic location. Numerous surveys on Android security have primarily focused on types of malware attack, their propagation, and techniques to mitigate them. To the best of our knowledge,… More >

Aleksandar Kelec^∗, Zoran Djuric^†

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.35, No.4, pp. 271-282, 2020, DOI:10.32604/csse.2020.35.271

Abstract One of the constant challenges faced by the Android community, when it comes to the safety of the end users, is the ability of applications to load code dynamically. This mechanism may be used for both legitimate and malicious purposes. A particular problem is the fact that remote code is not analyzed during the verification process because it doesn’t have to be present in the application package at the publishing time. Previous research has shown that using this concept in an insecure way can cause serious consequences for the user and his device. Solving this More >

Junfeng Xu^†, Linna Zhou

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.33, No.5, pp. 361-368, 2018, DOI:10.32604/csse.2018.33.361

Abstract At present, Android is the most popular Operating System (OS) which is widespreadly installed on mobile phones, smart TVs and other wearable devices. Due to its overwhelming market share, Android attracts the attentions from many attackers. Reverse Engineering technology plays an important role in the field of Android security, such as cracking applications, malware analysis, software protection, etc. In order to prevent others from obtaining the real codes and tampering them, this paper designs and implements a online dynamic protection framework by deploying dynamic anti-debugging technology for Android application with comprehensive utilization of encryption, dynamic More >

Junfeng Xu^†, Linna Zhou

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 149-155, 2018, DOI:10.32604/csse.2018.33.149

Abstract At present, Android is the most popular Operating System (OS) which is widespreadly installed on mobile phones, smart TVs and other wearable devices. Due to its overwhelming market share, Android attracts the attentions from many attackers. Reverse Engineering technology plays an important role in the field of Android security, such as cracking applications, malware analysis, software protection, etc. In order to prevent others from obtaining the real codes and tampering them, this paper designs and implements a online dynamic protection framework by deploying dynamic anti-debugging technology for Android application with comprehensive utilization of encryption, dynamic More >