Chao Gui^1,2, Wanying Chang³, Yaping Liu^1,*, Leren Tao³, Daoming Shen¹, Mengyi Ge¹

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.5, pp. 1621-1637, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.072268 - 31 October 2025

Abstract Freeze-drying of structurally heterogeneous biomaterials such as porcine aorta presents considerable modeling challenges due to their inherent multilayer composition and moving sublimation interfaces. Conventional models often overlook structural anisotropy and dynamic boundary progression, while experimental determination of key parameters under cryogenic conditions remains difficult. To address these, this study develops a heat and mass transfer model incorporating a dynamic node strategy for the sublimation interface, which effectively handles continuous computational domain deformation. Additionally, specialized fixed nodes were incorporated to adapt to the multilayer structure and its spatially varying thermophysical properties. A novel non-contact gravimetric system More > Graphic Abstract

Kentaro Kogawa^1,2,*, Reiji Ito², Daishi Hirano², Kenji Hoshino^1,2

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 451-461, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.068006 - 18 September 2025

Abstract Objective: To investigate the usefulness of the descending aortic retrograde flow area to forward flow area (dAO RF) ratio using echocardiography in managing pulmonary blood flow during the perioperative period following Blalock-Thomas-Taussig shunt (BTTS) surgery. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed patient characteristics, surgical procedures, and perioperative courses. The dAO RF ratio was measured upon admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and 12, 24, 48, and 72 h post-surgery. Blood pressure, percutaneous oxygen saturation, arterial blood gas values, and lactate levels were measured at the same time as the dAO RF ratio. Results: Seventy-one cases were… More >

Wilhelm Mistiaen^*

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.3, pp. 305-323, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.064675 - 11 July 2025

Abstract The presence of a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart anomaly, which can remain asymptomatic for decades, if it is not a part of a syndrome, such as Turner syndrome or genetic connective tissue disorders. There are several classifications for BAV, each with its advantages and drawbacks. The condition can lead to valvular malfunction such as regurgitation and stenosis, but is often associated with dilatation of the aortic root, the ascending aorta, the aortic arch, or a combination. Altered flow patterns due to the valve dysfunction as well as the breakdown… More >

Xu Liu, Yanjun Sun, Xiafeng Yu, Yiwei Liu, Hao Zhang^*

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.1, pp. 103-113, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.063108 - 18 March 2025

Abstract Aorta–right atrial tunnel (ARAT) is an extremely rare congenital heart malformation with an average age of diagnosis of approximately 20 years. Its clinical symptoms are varied and often atypical. ARAT usually originates from the left or right sinus of Valsalva. In this case report, we aim to share a rare case of ARAT originating from the noncoronary sinus in an infant. The patient presented with a cardiac murmur, a dilated right heart, and a tortuous tunnel originating from the dilated noncoronary sinus and terminating at the right atrium in echocardiogram and computed tomography angiography. The More >

Yi Huang¹, Giovanni Biglino¹, Fengyuan Liu^2,*

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.013295

Abstract Coarctation of aorta (CoA) is one of the congenital heart diseases with a proportion of 5% to 10%, which has a prevalence of four per 10,000 babies. As the most common cardiac defect missed at routine physical exams, CoA has a high undiagnosed rate of 60% to 80% in newborns before hospital discharge. The insertion of bare metal stents (BMS) with balloon dilatation is the useful method to reopen the narrow area of aorta. However, the stented vessel has a fixed diameter and cannot grow with the age, resulting in a relative restenosis and frequent… More >

Sherif Negm^1,2, Loic Mace¹, Fedoua El Louali³, Beatrice Desnous⁴, Philipe Aldebert³, Virginie Fouilloux¹, Marien Lenoir^1,*

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.19, No.3, pp. 267-273, 2024, DOI:10.32604/chd.2024.051642 - 26 July 2024

Abstract The aorto-ventricular tunnel is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly. We present a case of aorto-ventricular tunnel diagnosed via fetal echocardiography. Emergency surgery was performed on the 2nd day of life to close the tunnel, located just in front of the right coronary ostium, due to the patient’s unstable health condition. The postoperative period revealed complete occlusion of the right coronary artery. Due to the patient’s stability, we opted not to reintervene on the right coronary artery. The patient fully recovered without the need for further coronary intervention. In cases of patients with an aorto-ventricular tunnel More >

Wenyuan Chen¹, Tao Zhang², Yantao Yang^1,*

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.27, No.3, pp. 1-1, 2023, DOI:10.32604/icces.2023.09754

Abstract Based on the moving-least-squares immersed boundary method, we proposed a new technique to improve the calculation of the volume force representing the body boundary. For boundary with simple geometry, we theoretically analyze the error between the desired volume force at boundary and the actual force applied by the original method. The ratio between the two forces is very close to a constant and exhibits a very narrow distribution. A spatially uniform coefficient is then introduced to correct the force and can be fixed by the least-square method over all boundary markers. Such method is explicit… More >

Irene Martin de Miguel¹, C. Charles Jain¹, Alexander C. Egbe¹, Jason H. Anderson², Heidi M. Connolly¹, William R. Miranda^1,*

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.17, No.6, pp. 605-615, 2022, DOI:10.32604/chd.2022.023969 - 11 October 2022

Abstract Background: Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is associated with a generalized arteriopathy and long-term complications despite repair. Data on invasive exercise hemodynamics in this population are lacking. Accordingly, we reviewed adults with CoA undergoing exercise catheterization to assess 1. hemodynamic profile; 2. feasibility for assessment of CoA severity. Methods: Twenty patients undergoing exercise cardiac catheterization (12 arm adduction and 8 supine cycle ergometry) at a quaternary care center between 2004 and 2021 were identified. Resting and exercise hemodynamic data were abstracted from the procedure logs. Results: Mean age was 43.6 ± 12.0 years. Eleven patients (55%) had resting pulmonary… More >

Mohamed Saber Hafez^*, Alaa Roushdy, Dina Ezzeldin

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.17, No.3, pp. 325-333, 2022, DOI:10.32604/chd.2022.019025 - 03 May 2022

Abstract Background: Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital heart disease that sometimes remains clinically silent until adulthood, usually presenting with arterial hypertension. It is well known that after coarctation treatment, many patients remain hypertensive despite successful repair. In this study we approached the predictors and effects of residual hypertension after successful coarctation therapy. Methods: It was a cross sectional observational study involving 50 patients who underwent Coarctation repair/angioplasty in Ain Shams university hospitals. We divided the patients into two groups (hypertensive and normotensive) and we studied their demographic data (e.g., age, gender, age at first repair,… More >

Maryam Altalhi¹, Sami Ur Rehman², Fakhre Alam², Ala Abdulsalam Alarood³, Amin ur Rehman², M. Irfan Uddin^4,*

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.31, No.2, pp. 961-969, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.020607 - 22 September 2021

Abstract The proper computation of geometric parameters of the aorta and coronary arteries are very important for surgery planning, disease diagnoses, and age-related changes observation in the vessels. The accurate knowledge about the geometry of aorta and coronary arteries is required for the proper investigation of heart related diseases. The geometry of aorta and coronary arteries includes the diameter of the ascending and descending aorta and coronary arteries, length of the coronary arteries, branching angles of the coronary arteries and branching points. These geometric parameters from arteries can be computed from the 3D image data. In… More >