Xianke He¹, Yuansheng Li¹, Hengjie Liao¹, Zhehao Jiang¹, Meixue Shi¹, Zhe Hu^2,3, Yaowei Huang^2,3, Keliu Wu^2,3,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.074990 - 06 February 2026

Abstract Weak water-drive offshore reservoirs with complex pore architecture and strong permeability heterogeneity present major challenges, including rapid depletion of formation energy, low waterflood efficiency, and significant lateral and vertical variability in crude oil properties, all of which contribute to limited recovery. To support more effective field development, alternative strategies and a deeper understanding of pore-scale flow behavior are urgently needed. In this work, CT imaging and digital image processing were used to construct a digital rock model representative of the target reservoir. A pore-scale flow model was then developed, and the Volume of Fluid (VOF)… More > Graphic Abstract

Bárbara Polo-Martín^*

Revue Internationale de Géomatique, Vol.35, pp. 53-78, 2026, DOI:10.32604/rig.2026.071069 - 05 February 2026

Abstract The expansion of transportation networks, including railways and ports, has been a major force driving urban growth, mobility, and socio-economic transformations since the Industrial Revolution. This study utilizes Historical Geographic Information Systems to examine the global evolution of transportation infrastructure, focusing on railways and ports, from 1880 to 2020. The dataset enables a multidimensional analysis of how transportation systems have shaped cities, influenced regional development, and helped to make possible sustainability efforts. By offering insights into transport accessibility, land-use changes, and economic connectivity, the study provides a robust empirical foundation for understanding long-term infrastructure dynamics. More >

Kirti A. Yadav¹, Yachana Jha¹, Haiam O. Elkatry², Heba I. Mohamed^3,*, Ahmed Mahmoud Ismail⁴, Abdelrahman R. Ahmed^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.074570 - 30 January 2026

Abstract Phytophthora blight is a devastating disease of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) that severely impacts plant growth and productivity. This study investigates the morphological, anatomical, and biochemical responses of a susceptible variety (ICPL 11260) and a resistant variety (IPAC-02) following infection by Phytophthora. Morphological analyses showed that infection caused a drastic reduction in root length, shoot length, leaf number, fresh weight, and dry weight in the susceptible ICPL 11260 variety, with reductions ranging from 0.5- to 2-fold compared to non-infected controls. Anatomical observations revealed pronounced cellular damage and mycelial invasion in infected ICPL 11260 plants by 30… More >

Lu Chen^1,2,#, Zhijie Ren^2,#, Guangmin Zhao², Xuan He², Legong Li², Sheng Teng^1,*, Yikun He^2,*, Fang Bao^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.073817 - 30 January 2026

Abstract ERD4 proteins, members of the early responsive-to-dehydration family, act as plasma membrane ion channels that contribute to ion homeostasis and modulate plant response to abiotic stresses. However, the functions of ERD4 homologs in non-vascular species remain largely unexplored. Here, we characterized an ERD4 family homolog in Physcomitrium patens (Hedw.) Mitt., PpCSC1 (Calcium-permeable Stress-responsive Cation Channel 1), and investigated its role in salt stress response. PpCSC1 localized to the plasma membrane and functioned as a non-selective cation channel permeable to Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺. Under salt treatment, PpCSC1 transcripts were markedly downregulated, whereas overexpression lines exhibited enhanced salt sensitivity.… More >

Kang-Jia Wang¹, Hongzhi Zhang², Runsheng Lin^3,*, Jiabin Li⁴, Xiao-Yong Wang^1,5,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.074787 - 29 January 2026

Abstract Conventional low-carbon concrete design approaches have often overlooked carbonation durability and the progressive loss of cover caused by surface scaling, both of which can increase the long-term risk of reinforcement corrosion. To address these limitations, this study proposes an improved design framework for low-carbon slag concrete that simultaneously incorporates carbonation durability and cover scaling effects into the mix proportioning process. Based on experimental data, a linear predictive model was developed to estimate the 28-day compressive strength of slag concrete, achieving a correlation coefficient of R = 0.87711 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of… More >

Moein Tosan^1,*, Vahid Nourani^2,3, Ozgur Kisi^4,5,6, Yongqiang Zhang⁷, Sameh A. Kantoush⁸, Mekonnen Gebremichael⁹, Ruhollah Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi¹⁰, Jinhui Jeanne Huang¹¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.074768 - 29 January 2026

Abstract The integration of machine learning (ML) into geohazard assessment has successfully instigated a paradigm shift, leading to the production of models that possess a level of predictive accuracy previously considered unattainable. However, the black-box nature of these systems presents a significant barrier, hindering their operational adoption, regulatory approval, and full scientific validation. This paper provides a systematic review and synthesis of the emerging field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) as applied to geohazard science (GeoXAI), a domain that aims to resolve the long-standing trade-off between model performance and interpretability. A rigorous synthesis of 87 foundational… More >

Maddina Dinesh Kumar^1,#, S. U. Mamatha², Khalid Masood³, Nehad Ali Shah^4,#, Se-Jin Yook^1,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.074680 - 29 January 2026

Abstract Fluid dynamic research on rectangular and trapezoidal fins is aimed at increasing heat transfer by means of large surfaces. The trapezoidal cavity form is compared with its thermal and flow performance, and it is revealed that trapezoidal fins tend to be more efficient, particularly when material optimization is critical. Motivated by the increasing need for sustainable energy management, this work analyses the thermal performance of inclined trapezoidal and rectangular porous fins utilising a unique hybrid nanofluid. The effectiveness of nanoparticles in a working fluid is primarily determined by their thermophysical properties; hence, optimising these properties… More >

Faten S. Alamri¹, Adil Ali Saleem², Muhammad I. Khan³, Hafeez Ur Rehman Siddiqui², Amjad Rehman^3,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.074679 - 29 January 2026

Abstract Motor imbalance is a critical failure mode in rotating machinery, potentially causing severe equipment damage if undetected. Traditional vibration-based diagnostic methods rely on direct sensor contact, leading to installation challenges and measurement artifacts that can compromise accuracy. This study presents a novel radar-based framework for non-contact motor imbalance detection using 24 GHz continuous-wave radar. A dataset of 1802 experimental trials was sourced, covering four imbalance levels (0, 10, 20, 30 g) across varying motor speeds (500–1500 rpm) and load torques (0–3 Nm). Dual-channel in-phase and quadrature radar signals were captured at 10,000 samples per second… More >

Menwa Alshammeri^1,2,*, Noshina Tariq³, NZ Jhanji^4,5, Mamoona Humayun⁶, Muhammad Attique Khan⁷

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.074627 - 29 January 2026

Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI) is changing healthcare by helping with diagnosis. However, for doctors to trust AI tools, they need to be both accurate and easy to understand. In this study, we created a new machine learning system for the early detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in children. Our main goal was to build a model that is not only good at predicting ASD but also clear in its reasoning. For this, we combined several different models, including Random Forest, XGBoost, and Neural Networks, into a single, more powerful framework. We used two different types More >

Sana Shahab¹, Vladimir Simic^2,*, Ashit Kumar Dutta^3,4, Mohd Anjum^5,*, Dragan Pamucar^6,7,8

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.073945 - 29 January 2026

Abstract Environmental problems are intensifying due to the rapid growth of the population, industry, and urban infrastructure. This expansion has resulted in increased air and water pollution, intensified urban heat island effects, and greater runoff from parks and other green spaces. Addressing these challenges requires prioritizing green infrastructure and other sustainable urban development strategies. This study introduces a novel Integrated Decision Support System that combines Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets with the Advanced Alternative Ranking Order Method allowing for Two-Step Normalization (AAROM-TN), enhanced by a dual weighting strategy. The weighting approach integrates the Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation… More >