Gang Xu1,2,*, Ke Xiao1,*, Zongpeng Li3, Xin-Xin Niu2,4, Michael Ryan5
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.58, No.3, pp. 809-827, 2019, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2019.04400
Abstract In this paper, we first re-examine the previous protocol of controlled quantum secure direct communication of Zhang et al.’s scheme, which was found insecure under two kinds of attacks, fake entangled particles attack and disentanglement attack. Then, by changing the party of the preparation of cluster states and using unitary operations, we present an improved protocol which can avoid these two kinds of attacks. Moreover, the protocol is proposed using the three-qubit partially entangled set of states. It is more efficient by only using three particles rather than four or even more to transmit one bit secret information. Given our… More >
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