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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Novel High-Efficiency Transaction Verification Scheme for Blockchain Systems

    Jingyu Zhang1,2, Pian Zhou1, Jin Wang1, Osama Alfarraj3, Saurabh Singh4, Min Zhu5,*

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.2, pp. 1613-1633, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.044418 - 29 January 2024

    Abstract Blockchain can realize the reliable storage of a large amount of data that is chronologically related and verifiable within the system. This technology has been widely used and has developed rapidly in big data systems across various fields. An increasing number of users are participating in application systems that use blockchain as their underlying architecture. As the number of transactions and the capital involved in blockchain grow, ensuring information security becomes imperative. Addressing the verification of transactional information security and privacy has emerged as a critical challenge. Blockchain-based verification methods can effectively eliminate the need… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Hybrid Parallel Strategy for Isogeometric Topology Optimization via CPU/GPU Heterogeneous Computing

    Zhaohui Xia1,3, Baichuan Gao3, Chen Yu2,*, Haotian Han3, Haobo Zhang3, Shuting Wang3

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.2, pp. 1103-1137, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.029177 - 17 November 2023

    Abstract This paper aims to solve large-scale and complex isogeometric topology optimization problems that consume significant computational resources. A novel isogeometric topology optimization method with a hybrid parallel strategy of CPU/GPU is proposed, while the hybrid parallel strategies for stiffness matrix assembly, equation solving, sensitivity analysis, and design variable update are discussed in detail. To ensure the high efficiency of CPU/GPU computing, a workload balancing strategy is presented for optimally distributing the workload between CPU and GPU. To illustrate the advantages of the proposed method, three benchmark examples are tested to verify the hybrid parallel strategy More > Graphic Abstract

    A Hybrid Parallel Strategy for Isogeometric Topology Optimization via CPU/GPU Heterogeneous Computing

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Analysis of CH4 and H2 Adsorption on Heterogeneous Shale Surfaces Using a Molecular Dynamics Approach

    Surajudeen Sikiru1,*, Hassan Soleimani2, Amir Rostami1, Mohammed Falalu Hamza1,3, Lukmon Owolabi Afolabi4

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.1, pp. 31-44, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.029281 - 08 November 2023

    Abstract Determining the adsorption of shale gas on complex surfaces remains a challenge in molecular simulation studies. Difficulties essentially stem from the need to create a realistic shale structure model in terms of mineral heterogeneity and multiplicity. Moreover, precise characterization of the competitive adsorption of hydrogen and methane in shale generally requires the experimental determination of the related adsorptive capacity. In this study, the adsorption of adsorbates, methane (CH4), and hydrogen (H2) on heterogeneous shale surface models of Kaolinite, Orthoclase, Muscovite, Mica, C60, and Butane has been simulated in the frame of a molecular dynamic’s numerical technique. The More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Modeling Method of C/C-ZrC Composites and Prediction of Equivalent Thermal Conductivity Tensor Based on Asymptotic Homogenization

    Junpeng Lyu1, Hai Mei1,2, Liping Zu1, Lisheng Liu1,2,*, Liangliang Chu1,2

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.1, pp. 391-410, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.030614 - 22 September 2023

    Abstract This article proposes a modeling method for C/C-ZrC composite materials. According to the superposition of Gaussian random field, the original gray model is obtained, and the threshold segmentation method is used to generate the C-ZrC inclusion model. Finally, the fiber structure is added to construct the microstructure of the three-phase plain weave composite. The reconstructed inclusions can meet the randomness of the shape and have a uniform distribution. Using an algorithm based on asymptotic homogenization and finite element method, the equivalent thermal conductivity prediction of the microstructure finite element model was carried out, and the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Outage Probability Analysis for D2D-Enabled Heterogeneous Cellular Networks with Exclusion Zone: A Stochastic Geometry Approach

    Yulei Wang1, Li Feng1,*, Shumin Yao1,2, Hong Liang1, Haoxu Shi1, Yuqiang Chen3

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.1, pp. 639-661, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.029565 - 22 September 2023

    Abstract Interference management is one of the most important issues in the device-to-device (D2D)-enabled heterogeneous cellular networks (HetCNets) due to the coexistence of massive cellular and D2D devices in which D2D devices reuse the cellular spectrum. To alleviate the interference, an efficient interference management way is to set exclusion zones around the cellular receivers. In this paper, we adopt a stochastic geometry approach to analyze the outage probabilities of cellular and D2D users in the D2D-enabled HetCNets. The main difficulties contain three aspects: 1) how to model the location randomness of base stations, cellular and D2D More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Blockchain-Enabled Cybersecurity Provision for Scalable Heterogeneous Network: A Comprehensive Survey

    Md. Shohidul Islam1,*, Md. Arafatur Rahman2, Mohamed Ariff Bin Ameedeen1, Husnul Ajra1, Zahian Binti Ismail1, Jasni Mohamad Zain3

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.1, pp. 43-123, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.028687 - 22 September 2023

    Abstract Blockchain-enabled cybersecurity system to ensure and strengthen decentralized digital transaction is gradually gaining popularity in the digital era for various areas like finance, transportation, healthcare, education, and supply chain management. Blockchain interactions in the heterogeneous network have fascinated more attention due to the authentication of their digital application exchanges. However, the exponential development of storage space capabilities across the blockchain-based heterogeneous network has become an important issue in preventing blockchain distribution and the extension of blockchain nodes. There is the biggest challenge of data integrity and scalability, including significant computing complexity and inapplicable latency on… More > Graphic Abstract

    Blockchain-Enabled Cybersecurity Provision for Scalable Heterogeneous Network: A Comprehensive Survey

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    LIM1863 is useful to explore collective cancer cell migration, and the group of heterogeneous cells undergoing collective migration behaves like a supracellular unit

    JINSONG WU1,2, ZHENG ZHI1, WENZHONG XU1, DIANCGENG LI1, QIUBO LI1, YAN HAN1, JIANMING HE1,3,*, XI LIANG1,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.12, pp. 2671-2680, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.043494 - 27 December 2023

    Abstract Introduction: Collective cancer cell migration (CCCM) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) play key roles in metastasis. This study reports that the colorectal carcinoma cell line LIM1863 is useful for the study of CCCM and EMT. Methods: Hematoxylin and eosin staining, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and western blot analysis were performed. Results: LIM1863 automatically grew as spheroids in suspension and had important typical epithelial properties, including several layers of cells arranged around a central lumen, apical-basal polarity, and types of cell-cell junctions. Treatment with a combination of both TGF beta 1 and TNF alpha induced definite and… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Convolution-Based Heterogeneous Activation Facility for Effective Machine Learning of ECG Signals

    Premanand S., Sathiya Narayanan*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.77, No.1, pp. 25-45, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.042590 - 31 October 2023

    Abstract Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) technologies are revolutionizing the medical domain, especially with Electrocardiogram (ECG), by providing new tools and techniques for diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. However, DL architectures are computationally more demanding. In recent years, researchers have focused on combining the computationally less intensive portion of the DL architectures with ML approaches, say for example, combining the convolutional layer blocks of Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) into ML algorithms such as Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) resulting in CNN-XGBoost and CNN-KNN, respectively. However, these approaches are homogenous in the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Acidic Magnetic Biocarbon-Enabled Upgrading of Biomass-Based Hexanedione into Pyrroles

    Zhimei Li1, Kuan Tian2, Keping Wang2, Zhengyi Li2, Haoli Qin1,*, Hu Li2,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.11, pp. 3847-3865, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.030122 - 31 October 2023

    Abstract Sustainable acquisition of bioactive compounds from biomass-based platform molecules is a green alternative for existing CO2-emitting fossil-fuel technologies. Herein, a core–shell magnetic biocarbon catalyst functionalized with sulfonic acid (Fe3O4@SiO2@chitosan-SO3H, MBC-SO3H) was prepared to be efficient for the synthesis of various N-substituted pyrroles (up to 99% yield) from bio-based hexanedione and amines under mild conditions. The abundance of Brønsted acid sites in the MBC-SO3H ensured smooth condensation of 2,5-hexanedione with a variety of amines to produce N-substituted pyrroles. The reaction was illustrated to follow the conventional PallKnorr coupling pathway, which includes three cascade reaction steps: amination, loop closure… More > Graphic Abstract

    Acidic Magnetic Biocarbon-Enabled Upgrading of Biomass-Based Hexanedione into Pyrroles

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An Intelligent Secure Adversarial Examples Detection Scheme in Heterogeneous Complex Environments

    Weizheng Wang1,3, Xiangqi Wang2,*, Xianmin Pan1, Xingxing Gong3, Jian Liang3, Pradip Kumar Sharma4, Osama Alfarraj5, Wael Said6

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.76, No.3, pp. 3859-3876, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.041346 - 08 October 2023

    Abstract Image-denoising techniques are widely used to defend against Adversarial Examples (AEs). However, denoising alone cannot completely eliminate adversarial perturbations. The remaining perturbations tend to amplify as they propagate through deeper layers of the network, leading to misclassifications. Moreover, image denoising compromises the classification accuracy of original examples. To address these challenges in AE defense through image denoising, this paper proposes a novel AE detection technique. The proposed technique combines multiple traditional image-denoising algorithms and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) network structures. The used detector model integrates the classification results of different models as the input to… More >

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