Mengjie Xu, Anbin Wang, Tonghong Zuo, Hecui Zhang, Zhihao Hu, Liquan Zhu^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.1, pp. 157-179, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.060566 - 24 January 2025

Abstract Calmodulin-like (CMLs) proteins are critical in calcium signaling and essential for plant growth, development, and stress responses. In many species, the CMLs families have been identified and described. However, the characterization and expression profiling of CMLs genes in tobacco is retrievable. In this study, a comprehensive whole-genome identification and analysis, and 75 NtCML genes were identified in tobacco, each containing two to four EF-hand domains. Most NtCML proteins exhibited conserved gene structures and motifs. Notably, most NtCML proteins were intron-less and distributed across 18 chromosomes. Two pairs of tandemly duplicated genes and seven pairs of segmentally More >

Hocine Bougrine^1,2, Salah Hadjout^1,*, Mohamed Zouidi¹, Abdeldjalil Belkendil¹, Amer Zeghmar¹, Chaouki Boulekdam¹, Walid Ouaret³, Walid Soufan⁴, Fathi Abdellatif Belhouadjeb⁵, Amar Mebarkia²

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.1, pp. 251-267, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.060096 - 24 January 2025

Abstract Salinity stress is a major challenge for global agriculture, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, limiting plant productivity due to water and soil salinity. These conditions particularly affect countries along the southern Mediterranean rim, including Algeria, which primarily focuses on pastoral and forage practices. This study investigates salinity tolerance and ecotypic variability in Vicia narbonensis L., a fodder legume species recognized for its potential to reclaim marginal soils. Morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses were assessed in three ecotypes (eco2, eco9, and eco10) exposed to different salinity levels (low, moderate, and severe). The study was conducted using… More >

Pamela Lippi, Giovan Battista Mattii, Eleonora Cataldo^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.1, pp. 33-64, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.059997 - 24 January 2025

Abstract Biochar has emerged as a promising tool for enhancing vineyard sustainability by improving soil properties and mitigating climate change impacts. This review highlights key findings on biochar’s role in viticulture, focusing on its effects on soil fertility, water retention, and plant physiology. Field and pot studies demonstrate that biochar amendments enhance soil structure, increase cation exchange capacity (CEC), and promote water availability, leading to improved drought resistance in grapevines. However, the impacts on grape yield, physiology, and quality remain inconclusive, with some studies reporting benefits while others show neutral effects. Future research should focus on More >

Yanlin Pan¹, Yibin Zhang¹, Xingui Wang¹, Hongbo Qin¹, Lunfa Guo^1,2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.1, pp. 123-136, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.059598 - 24 January 2025

Abstract Derris fordii and Derris elliptica belong to the Derris genus of the Fabaceae family, distinguished by their high isoflavonoid content, particularly rotenoids, which hold significance in pharmaceuticals and agriculture. Rotenone, as a prominent rotenoid, has a longstanding history of use in pesticides, veterinary applications, medicine, and medical research. The accumulation of rotenoids within Derris plants adheres to species-specific and tissue-specific patterns and is also influenced by environmental factors. Current research predominantly addresses extraction techniques, pharmacological applications, and pesticide formulations, whereas investigations into the biosynthesis pathway and regulatory mechanism of rotenoids remain relatively scarce. In this study, we… More >

Wenqi Shi^1,#, Binyameen Bin Shafqat^2,#, Muhammad Arif¹, Ayesha Fazal Nawaz³, Muhammad Amir Zia⁴, Xu Ling¹, Dingli Hong¹, Ruhong Xu^1,*, Luhua Li^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.1, pp. 229-241, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.059315 - 24 January 2025

Abstract Seed priming is an effective seed pretreatment technology that enhances germination and overall crop performance by optimizing seed hydration and metabolic processes before planting. Seed quality is a critical determinant of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) crop performance, influencing germination, plant vigor, and yield. This study evaluates the effects of seed priming with potassium salts (1% and 2% KCl and K₂SO₄) on germination, morphological traits, and Cry1Ac gene expression in three Bt cotton cultivars (IUB-2013, NIAB-878B, FH-142) as Cry1Ac enhance the pest resistance in Bt cotton and reduce the plant’s dependence on chemical insecticides. Seeds were primed for six hours, air-dried,… More >

Marwa Rezgui^1,#,*, Wided Ben Ammar¹, Muhammad Nazim^2,3,#, Walid Soufan⁴, Chiraz Chaffei Haouari¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.1, pp. 137-155, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.058851 - 24 January 2025

Abstract Nickel (Ni) toxicity significantly impairs plant growth, photosynthesis, and metabolism by inducing oxidative stress. This study evaluates the potential of exogenous Alpha-Ketoglutarate (AKG) in mitigating Ni-induced stress in Peganum harmala L. Seedlings were exposed to 0, 200, 500, and 750 μM NiCl₂, with or without AKG supplementation. Under 750 μM Ni stress, dry weight (DW) decreased by 33.7%, tissue water content (TWC) by 39.9%, and chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll levels were reduced by 17% and 15%, respectively. Ni exposure also significantly increased secondary metabolite production, with leaf anthocyanin content rising by 131%, and superoxide dismutase (SOD)… More >

Teng Xia^1,2, Xiaohui Zhang^1,2,*, Ding Ma^1,2, Zhi Yang^1,2, Xinting Tong³, Yutang Zhao⁴, Hua Wang^1,2

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 121-140, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.058683 - 24 January 2025

Abstract Smelting with oxygen bottom blowing is one of the main methods used in the frame of copper pyrometallurgy. With this approach, feed materials and oxygen-enriched air are introduced in reversed order to enhance multiphase flow within the furnace. Understanding the flow structure and temperature distribution in this setup is crucial for optimizing production. In this study, gas-liquid interactions, and temperature profiles under varying air-injection conditions are examined by means of numerical simulation for a 3.2 m × 20 m furnace. The results indicate that the high-velocity regions are essentially distributed near the lance within the… More > Graphic Abstract

Tingrui Liu¹, Qinghu Cui^1,2, Dan Xu^1,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 1-36, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.058444 - 24 January 2025

Abstract With the gradual increase in the size and flexibility of composite blades in large wind turbines, problems related to aeroelastic instability and blade vibration are becoming increasingly more important. Given their impact on the lifespan of wind turbines, these subjects have become important topics in turbine blade design. In this article, first aspects related to the aeroelastic (structural and aerodynamic) modeling of large wind turbine blades are summarized. Then, two main methods for blade vibration control are outlined (passive control and active control), including the case of composite blades. Some improvement schemes are proposed More > Graphic Abstract

Lihui Ma¹, Wei Li¹, Yuanyuan Wang¹, Pan Zhang¹, Lina Wang¹, Xinying Liu¹, Meiqin Dong², Xuewen Cao², Jiang Bian^3,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 107-119, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.058295 - 24 January 2025

Abstract Gas-liquid flow (GLF), especially slug and annular flows in oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines, become particularly complex inside elbows and can easily exacerbate pipeline corrosion and damage. In this study, FLUENT was used to conduct 3D simulations of slug and annular flow in elbows for different velocities to assess the ensuing changes in terms of pressure. In particular, the multifluid VOF (Volume of Fraction) model was chosen. The results indicate that under both slug and annular flow conditions, the pressure inside the elbow is lower than the outside. As the superficial velocity More >

Saeed Dinarvand^*, Amirmohammad Abbasi, Sogol Gharsi

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 37-60, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.057545 - 24 January 2025

Abstract The present review explores the promising role of nanofluids and related hybrid variants in enhancing the efficiency of flat tube car radiators. As vehicles become more advanced and demand better thermal performance, traditional coolants are starting to fall short. Nanofluids, which involve tiny nanoparticles dispersed into standard cooling liquids, offer a new solution by significantly improving heat transfer capabilities. The article categorizes the different types of nanofluids (ranging from those based on metals and metal oxides to carbon materials and hybrid combinations) and examines their effects on the improvement of radiator performance. General consensus More >